Prostaglandin E2

Prostaglandin E2 is a lipid of Fatty Acyls (FA) class. Prostaglandin e2 is associated with abnormalities such as Renal glomerular disease, Arthritis, Degenerative polyarthritis, Pancreatitis and Rheumatoid Arthritis. The involved functions are known as enzyme pathway, Atherogenesis, Anabolism, inhibitors and Oxidants. Prostaglandin e2 often locates in Tissue membrane, Blood, Extracellular, Membrane and Protoplasm. The associated genes with Prostaglandin E2 are PTGS2 gene, TP53 gene, TNFRSF5 gene, FASTK Gene and TNF gene. The related lipids are Lipopolysaccharides, Steroids, monooxyethylene trimethylolpropane tristearate, Fatty Acids, Unsaturated and Promega. The related experimental models are Arthritis, Adjuvant-Induced, Xenograft Model, Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis, Cancer Model and Knock-out.

References related to abnormalities published in Int. Immunopharmacol.

PMID	Journal	Published Date	Author	Title
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28092862	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2017	Liu XY et al.	Protective effects of total flavonoids of Astragalus against adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats by regulating OPG/RANKL/NF-κB pathway.
27816726	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2016	Fan DD et al.	Astragaloside IV protects rat gastric mucosa against aspirin-induced damage.
27743553	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2016	Qu Y et al.	Effects of platycodin D on IL-1β-induced inflammatory response in human osteoarthritis chondrocytes.
27584055	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2016	Lee DS et al.	Involvement of heme oxygenase-1 induction in the cytoprotective and neuroinflammatory activities of Siegesbeckia Pubescens isolated from 5,3'-dihydroxy-3,7,4'-trimethoxyflavone in HT22 cells and BV2 cells.
27376854	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2016	Houshmand G et al.	Potentiation of indomethacin-induced anti-inflammatory response by pioglitazone in carrageenan-induced acute inflammation in rats: Role of PPARγ receptors.
26854576	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2016	Gray A et al.	The effect of local anesthetic on pro-inflammatory macrophage modulation by mesenchymal stromal cells.
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26761723	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2016	Chun J et al.	Anti-inflammatory effect of corymbocoumarin from Seseli gummiferum subsp. corymbosum through suppression of NF-κB signaling pathway and induction of HO-1 expression in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells.
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26637957	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2016	Ding H et al.	The protective effects of curculigoside A on adjuvant-induced arthritis by inhibiting NF-кB/NLRP3 activation in rats.
26122137	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2015	Shen L and Liu Y	Prostaglandin E2 blockade enhances the pulmonary anti-Cryptococcus neoformans immune reaction via the induction of TLR-4.
25701505	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2015	Byun EB et al.	Gamma-irradiated resveratrol negatively regulates LPS-induced MAPK and NF-κB signaling through TLR4 in macrophages.
25637445	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2015	Ma Z et al.	Astragalin inhibits IL-1β-induced inflammatory mediators production in human osteoarthritis chondrocyte by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK activation.
25585231	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2015	Reddy SA et al.	Sulforaphane and its methylcarbonyl analogs inhibit the LPS-stimulated inflammatory response in human monocytes through modulating cytokine production, suppressing chemotactic migration and phagocytosis in a NF-κB- and MAPK-dependent manner.
25445966	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2015	Dilshara MG et al.	New compound, 5-O-isoferuloyl-2-deoxy-D-ribono-γ-lacton from Clematis mandshurica: Anti-inflammatory effects in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 microglial cells.
25066757	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2014	Fu Y et al.	Liver X receptor agonist prevents LPS-induced mastitis in mice.
24055019	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2013	Lee DS et al.	Inhibitory effect of 9-hydroxy-6,7-dimethoxydalbergiquinol from Dalbergia odorifera on the NF-κB-related neuroinflammatory response in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mouse BV2 microglial cells is mediated by heme oxygenase-1.
23810444	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2013	Shao J et al.	7b, a novel naphthalimide derivative, exhibited anti-inflammatory effects via targeted-inhibiting TAK1 following down-regulation of ERK1/2- and p38 MAPK-mediated activation of NF-κB in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages.
23261362	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2013	Zhang B et al.	CHP1002, a novel andrographolide derivative, inhibits pro-inflammatory inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 expressions in RAW264.7 macrophages via up-regulation of heme oxygenase-1 expression.
22835428	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2012	Wang D et al.	Paeoniflorin inhibits function and down-regulates HLA-DR and CD80 expression of human peripheral blood monocytes stimulated by rhIL-1β.
22749848	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2012	Su HC et al.	Glycogen synthase kinase-3β regulates anti-inflammatory property of fluoxetine.
21839184	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2011	Oh KS et al.	Salvianolic acid A suppress lipopolysaccharide-induced NF-κB signaling pathway by targeting IKKβ.
20674883	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2010	Cech NB et al.	Echinacea and its alkylamides: effects on the influenza A-induced secretion of cytokines, chemokines, and PGE₂ from RAW 264.7 macrophage-like cells.
16399635	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2006	Valadares MC et al.	Euphorbia tirucalli L. modulates myelopoiesis and enhances the resistance of tumour-bearing mice.