Prostaglandin E2

Prostaglandin E2 is a lipid of Fatty Acyls (FA) class. Prostaglandin e2 is associated with abnormalities such as Renal glomerular disease, Arthritis, Degenerative polyarthritis, Pancreatitis and Rheumatoid Arthritis. The involved functions are known as enzyme pathway, Atherogenesis, Anabolism, inhibitors and Oxidants. Prostaglandin e2 often locates in Tissue membrane, Blood, Extracellular, Membrane and Protoplasm. The associated genes with Prostaglandin E2 are PTGS2 gene, TP53 gene, TNFRSF5 gene, FASTK Gene and TNF gene. The related lipids are Lipopolysaccharides, Steroids, monooxyethylene trimethylolpropane tristearate, Fatty Acids, Unsaturated and Promega. The related experimental models are Arthritis, Adjuvant-Induced, Xenograft Model, Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis, Cancer Model and Knock-out.

References related to functions published in Others

PMID	Journal	Published Date	Author	Title
1718495	Blood	1991	Watanabe T et al.	Characterization of prostaglandin and thromboxane receptors expressed on a megakaryoblastic leukemia cell line, MEG-01s.
8662662	J. Biol. Chem.	1996	Tetsuka T et al.	Antioxidants inhibit interleukin-1-induced cyclooxygenase and nitric-oxide synthase expression in rat mesangial cells. Evidence for post-transcriptional regulation.
21406184	Biochem. Pharmacol.	2011	Kyathanahalli CN and Kowluru A	A farnesylated G-protein suppresses Akt phosphorylation in INS 832/13 cells and normal rat islets: regulation by pertussis toxin and PGE₂.
19318593	J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.	2009	Alvarez Y et al.	Cyclooxygenase-2 induced by zymosan in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells shows high stability, and its expression is enhanced by atorvastatin.
20032118	Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol.	2010	Wang H et al.	Nitro-oleic acid protects against endotoxin-induced endotoxemia and multiorgan injury in mice.
12893632	Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol.	2003	Harada N et al.	Contribution of capsaicin-sensitive sensory neurons to stress-induced increases in gastric tissue levels of prostaglandins in rats.
21239635	Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.	2011	Chen YJ et al.	Treatment of diabetic rats with a peroxynitrite decomposition catalyst prevents induction of renal COX-2.
19671757	Mol. Cancer Ther.	2009	Koeberle A et al.	Curcumin blocks prostaglandin E2 biosynthesis through direct inhibition of the microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1.
17483193	Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol.	2007	Larsen GL et al.	Modulation of airway responses by prostaglandins in young and fully grown rabbits.
15618346	Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol.	2005	Kis B et al.	Acetaminophen-sensitive prostaglandin production in rat cerebral endothelial cells.
15569856	Hypertension	2005	Kohlstedt K et al.	Signaling via the angiotensin-converting enzyme enhances the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in endothelial cells.
11447268	Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.	2001	Rudnick DA et al.	Prostaglandins are required for CREB activation and cellular proliferation during liver regeneration.
11404305	Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol.	2001	Kajino H et al.	Factors that increase the contractile tone of the ductus arteriosus also regulate its anatomic remodeling.
10848516	Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol.	2000	Takahashi Y et al.	Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors constrict the fetal lamb ductus arteriosus both in vitro and in vivo.
25586183	J. Biol. Chem.	2015	Wendell SG et al.	15-Hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase generation of electrophilic lipid signaling mediators from hydroxy ω-3 fatty acids.
16699067	J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.	2006	Hatazawa R et al.	Roles of endogenous prostaglandins and cyclooxygenase isozymes in healing of indomethacin-induced small intestinal lesions in rats.
27664754	Vascul. Pharmacol.	2016	Theiler A et al.	The EP1/EP3 receptor agonist 17-pt-PGE2 acts as an EP4 receptor agonist on endothelial barrier function and in a model of LPS-induced pulmonary inflammation.
17363677	Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol.	2007	Bachteeva V et al.	Prostaglandin E2 inhibits vasotocin-induced osmotic water permeability in the frog urinary bladder by EP1-receptor-mediated activation of NO/cGMP pathway.
22859831	J. Leukoc. Biol.	2012	Serra-Pages M et al.	E-prostanoid 2 receptors dampen mast cell degranulation via cAMP/PKA-mediated suppression of IgE-dependent signaling.
21896757	Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.	2011	Clasadonte J et al.	Prostaglandin E2 release from astrocytes triggers gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neuron firing via EP2 receptor activation.
21768374	Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.	2011	Olesen ET et al.	Vasopressin-independent targeting of aquaporin-2 by selective E-prostanoid receptor agonists alleviates nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.
21185878	Regul. Pept.	2011	Supowit SC et al.	Bradykinin and prostaglandin E₁ regulate calcitonin gene-related peptide expression in cultured rat sensory neurons.
19428786	Neurochem. Int.	2009	Hutchinson AJ et al.	Activation of EP2 prostanoid receptors in human glial cell lines stimulates the secretion of BDNF.
19359421	Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol.	2009	Forrest AS et al.	Prostaglandin regulation of gastric slow waves and peristalsis.
18981149	J. Immunol.	2008	Sturm EM et al.	Prostaglandin E2 inhibits eosinophil trafficking through E-prostanoid 2 receptors.
18583546	J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.	2008	Yu L et al.	E series of prostaglandin receptor 2-mediated activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase/activator protein-1 signaling is required for the mitogenic action of prostaglandin E2 in esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma.
17557799	Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol.	2007	Thomas PE et al.	PGE(2) inhibition of TGF-beta1-induced myofibroblast differentiation is Smad-independent but involves cell shape and adhesion-dependent signaling.
16931794	Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol.	2006	Clavreul N et al.	S-glutathiolation of p21ras by peroxynitrite mediates endothelial insulin resistance caused by oxidized low-density lipoprotein.
15501405	Osteoarthr. Cartil.	2004	Fushimi K et al.	Implication of prostaglandin E(2) in TNF-alpha-induced release of m-calpain from HCS-2/8 chondrocytes. Inhibition of m-calpain release by NSAIDs.
15292051	Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol.	2004	Kopp UC et al.	Activation of EP4 receptors contributes to prostaglandin E2-mediated stimulation of renal sensory nerves.
12970137	Gut	2003	Willemsen LE et al.	Short chain fatty acids stimulate epithelial mucin 2 expression through differential effects on prostaglandin E(1) and E(2) production by intestinal myofibroblasts.
12235043	J. Appl. Physiol.	2002	Kwong K and Lee LY	PGE(2) sensitizes cultured pulmonary vagal sensory neurons to chemical and electrical stimuli.
12167591	Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol.	2002	Imig JD et al.	Contribution of prostaglandin EP(2) receptors to renal microvascular reactivity in mice.
11416140	Mol. Cell. Biol.	2001	Li G et al.	Downregulation of CIITA function by protein kinase a (PKA)-mediated phosphorylation: mechanism of prostaglandin E, cyclic AMP, and PKA inhibition of class II major histocompatibility complex expression in monocytic lines.
11254729	J. Immunol.	2001	Ikegami R et al.	The expression of prostaglandin E receptors EP2 and EP4 and their different regulation by lipopolysaccharide in C3H/HeN peritoneal macrophages.
11238014	Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol.	2001	Farmer PJ et al.	Permeability of endothelial monolayers to albumin is increased by bradykinin and inhibited by prostaglandins.
9730918	Mol. Pharmacol.	1998	Kedzie KM et al.	A single amino-acid substitution in the EP2 prostaglandin receptor confers responsiveness to prostacyclin analogs.
9351373	Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol.	1997	Li SR et al.	Modified LDL decreases the binding of prostaglandin E2, I2, and E1 onto monocytes in patients with peripheral vascular disease.
12874281	J. Biol. Chem.	2003	Demasi M et al.	Effects of hypoxia on monocyte inflammatory mediator production: Dissociation between changes in cyclooxygenase-2 expression and eicosanoid synthesis.
22802632	Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.	2012	Liu T et al.	Prostaglandin E2 deficiency uncovers a dominant role for thromboxane A2 in house dust mite-induced allergic pulmonary inflammation.
19850905	Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol.	2010	Vila L et al.	Heritability of thromboxane A2 and prostaglandin E2 biosynthetic machinery in a Spanish population.
18025237	J. Immunol.	2007	Tan X et al.	Histamine directly and synergistically with lipopolysaccharide stimulates cyclooxygenase-2 expression and prostaglandin I(2) and E(2) production in human coronary artery endothelial cells.
16973753	Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.	2006	Wang M et al.	Deletion of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 augments prostacyclin and retards atherogenesis.
9473245	Blood	1998	Pouliot M et al.	Monosodium urate microcrystals induce cyclooxygenase-2 in human monocytes.
7039861	Circ. Res.	1982	Kawasaki A and Needleman P	Contribution of thromboxane to renal resistance changes in the isolated perfused hydronephrotic rabbit kidney.
26178731	Am. J. Clin. Nutr.	2015	Farrar MD et al.	A randomized controlled trial of green tea catechins in protection against ultraviolet radiation-induced cutaneous inflammation.
25820137	J Am Heart Assoc	2015	Berry E et al.	Matrix metalloproteinase-2 negatively regulates cardiac secreted phospholipase A2 to modulate inflammation and fever.
18339853	Cancer Res.	2008	Accioly MT et al.	Lipid bodies are reservoirs of cyclooxygenase-2 and sites of prostaglandin-E2 synthesis in colon cancer cells.
25595355	Theriogenology	2015	Kowalewski MP et al.	Formation of the early canine CL and the role of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in regulation of its function: an in vivo approach.
20083230	Biochim. Biophys. Acta	2010	Sparkes BL et al.	Intestinal lipid alterations occur prior to antibody-induced prostaglandin E2 production in a mouse model of ischemia/reperfusion.
26264225	Reproduction	2015	Figueroa F et al.	Role of macrophage secretions on rat polycystic ovary: its effect on apoptosis.
12791599	Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol.	2003	Redlak MJ et al.	Apoptosis is a major mechanism of deoxycholate-induced gastric mucosal cell death.
12181161	Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol.	2002	Zhu Y et al.	Ca2+- and PKC-dependent stimulation of PGE2 synthesis by deoxycholic acid in human colonic fibroblasts.
28571770	Food Chem. Toxicol.	2017	Kim HG et al.	Leptin induces CREB-dependent aromatase activation through COX-2 expression in breast cancer cells.
27659809	Biochem. Pharmacol.	2016	Banerjee M et al.	Polymorphic variants of MRP4/ABCC4 differentially modulate the transport of methylated arsenic metabolites and physiological organic anions.
27697457	Toxicology	2016	Su HH et al.	Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-ligand axis mediates pulmonary fibroblast migration and differentiation through increased arachidonic acid metabolism.
26691871	Neurotoxicology	2016	Ashley AK et al.	DJ-1 mutation decreases astroglial release of inflammatory mediators.
25866079	Toxicol In Vitro	2015	Fuccelli R et al.	The hydroxytyrosol-dependent increase of TNF-α in LPS-activated human monocytes is mediated by PGE2 and adenylate cyclase activation.
25094029	Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.	2014	Zheng H et al.	Downregulation of COX-2 and CYP 4A signaling by isoliquiritigenin inhibits human breast cancer metastasis through preventing anoikis resistance, migration and invasion.
24365262	Food Chem. Toxicol.	2014	Jayasooriya RG et al.	Anti-inflammatory effects of β-hydroxyisovalerylshikonin in BV2 microglia are mediated through suppression of the PI3K/Akt/NF-kB pathway and activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
24285838	J. Immunol.	2014	Kothari P et al.	IL-6-mediated induction of matrix metalloproteinase-9 is modulated by JAK-dependent IL-10 expression in macrophages.
23827175	Mol. Cell. Endocrinol.	2013	Yu A et al.	Resistin impairs SIRT1 function and induces senescence-associated phenotype in hepatocytes.
22974838	Food Chem. Toxicol.	2012	Kang CH et al.	Caffeine suppresses lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 microglial cells by suppressing Akt-mediated NF-κB activation and ERK phosphorylation.
22693178	Thorax	2012	Grace M et al.	Transient receptor potential channels mediate the tussive response to prostaglandin E2 and bradykinin.
22089456	J. Rheumatol.	2012	Kapoor M et al.	Glucosamine sulfate reduces prostaglandin E(2) production in osteoarthritic chondrocytes through inhibition of microsomal PGE synthase-1.
21803157	Mol. Cell. Neurosci.	2011	Consonni A et al.	Inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-induced microglia activation by calcitonin gene related peptide and adrenomedullin.
21745554	Toxicol. Lett.	2011	Umannová L et al.	Benzo[a]pyrene and tumor necrosis factor-α coordinately increase genotoxic damage and the production of proinflammatory mediators in alveolar epithelial type II cells.
21334316	Chem. Biol. Interact.	2011	Yadav UC et al.	Aldose reductase inhibition suppresses airway inflammation.
20810888	J. Neurosci.	2010	Koch H et al.	Prostaglandin E2-induced synaptic plasticity in neocortical networks of organotypic slice cultures.
20335389	Mol. Pharmacol.	2010	Ji R et al.	EP1 prostanoid receptor coupling to G i/o up-regulates the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha through activation of a phosphoinositide-3 kinase signaling pathway.
20018876	J. Biol. Chem.	2010	Zhang H and Verkman AS	Aquaporin-1 tunes pain perception by interaction with Na(v)1.8 Na+ channels in dorsal root ganglion neurons.
19758985	J. Biol. Chem.	2009	Wada M et al.	Two pathways for cyclooxygenase-2 protein degradation in vivo.
19397918	Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.	2009	Zhang D et al.	Prostaglandin E2 released from activated microglia enhances astrocyte proliferation in vitro.
19273625	J. Exp. Med.	2009	Boniface K et al.	Prostaglandin E2 regulates Th17 cell differentiation and function through cyclic AMP and EP2/EP4 receptor signaling.
19201774	Gut	2009	Paik YH et al.	Celecoxib induces hepatic stellate cell apoptosis through inhibition of Akt activation and suppresses hepatic fibrosis in rats.
18395713	Exp. Cell Res.	2008	Kleiveland CR et al.	Human mesenchymal stem cell proliferation is regulated by PGE2 through differential activation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase isoforms.
18378017	Regul. Pept.	2008	Brzozowski T et al.	Gastroprotective action of orexin-A against stress-induced gastric damage is mediated by endogenous prostaglandins, sensory afferent neuropeptides and nitric oxide.
18054255	Osteoarthr. Cartil.	2008	Caramés B et al.	Differential effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1beta on cell death in human articular chondrocytes.
17495127	J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.	2007	Nakao K et al.	CJ-023,423, a novel, potent and selective prostaglandin EP4 receptor antagonist with antihyperalgesic properties.
17242161	J. Exp. Med.	2007	Gross S et al.	Vascular wall-produced prostaglandin E2 exacerbates arterial thrombosis and atherothrombosis through platelet EP3 receptors.
17084486	Neurochem. Int.	2007	Liao SL et al.	Induction of cyclooxygenase-2 expression by manganese in cultured astrocytes.
16868036	J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.	2006	Brzozowski T et al.	Prostaglandin/cyclooxygenase pathway in ghrelin-induced gastroprotection against ischemia-reperfusion injury.
16793879	J. Neurosci.	2006	Negri L et al.	Impaired nociception and inflammatory pain sensation in mice lacking the prokineticin receptor PKR1: focus on interaction between PKR1 and the capsaicin receptor TRPV1 in pain behavior.
16777358	Toxicol. Lett.	2006	Seok SM et al.	COX-2 is associated with cadmium-induced ICAM-1 expression in cerebrovascular endothelial cells.
16644903	J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.	2006	Claudino RF et al.	Pharmacological and molecular characterization of the mechanisms involved in prostaglandin E2-induced mouse paw edema.
16600756	J. Urol.	2006	Kim JC et al.	Nerve growth factor and prostaglandins in the urine of female patients with overactive bladder.
16514196	Reproduction	2006	Li Q et al.	Effect of intrafollicular indomethacin injection on gonadotropin surge-induced expression of select extracellular matrix degrading enzymes and their inhibitors in bovine preovulatory follicles.
16489006	Cancer Res.	2006	Hiraga T et al.	Stimulation of cyclooxygenase-2 expression by bone-derived transforming growth factor-beta enhances bone metastases in breast cancer.
16325209	Life Sci.	2006	Jiang X et al.	COX-2 mediates morphine-induced delayed cardioprotection via an iNOS-dependent mechanism.
16325014	Brain Res. Bull.	2005	Yakubu MA and Leffler CW	Regulation of cerebral microvascular endothelial cell cyclooxygenase-2 message and activity by blood derived vasoactive agents.
16293616	J. Biol. Chem.	2006	Holla VR et al.	Prostaglandin E2 regulates the nuclear receptor NR4A2 in colorectal cancer.
16251433	J. Neurosci.	2005	Sang N et al.	Postsynaptically synthesized prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) modulates hippocampal synaptic transmission via a presynaptic PGE2 EP2 receptor.
15976003	J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.	2005	Nüsing RM et al.	Dominant role of prostaglandin E2 EP4 receptor in furosemide-induced salt-losing tubulopathy: a model for hyperprostaglandin E syndrome/antenatal Bartter syndrome.
15816358	Exp. Toxicol. Pathol.	2005	Rincón-Sánchez AR et al.	PGE2 alleviates kidney and liver damage, decreases plasma renin activity and acute phase response in cirrhotic rats with acute liver damage.
15753380	Cancer Res.	2005	Wang D et al.	Prostaglandin E2 enhances intestinal adenoma growth via activation of the Ras-mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade.
15491851	Nitric Oxide	2004	Jones CP et al.	Prostaglandin E2 and dexamethasone regulate eosinophil differentiation and survival through a nitric oxide- and CD95-dependent pathway.
15311063	J. Urol.	2004	Schröder A et al.	Detrusor responses to prostaglandin E2 and bladder outlet obstruction in wild-type and Ep1 receptor knockout mice.
15234114	Neurochem. Int.	2004	Takadera T et al.	Prostaglandin E2 induced caspase-dependent apoptosis possibly through activation of EP2 receptors in cultured hippocampal neurons.
15212812	Toxicology	2004	Miyahara T et al.	Involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinases and protein kinase C in cadmium-induced prostaglandin E2 production in primary mouse osteoblastic cells.
15131310	Science	2004	Harvey RJ et al.	GlyR alpha3: an essential target for spinal PGE2-mediated inflammatory pain sensitization.
15126118	Brain Res.	2004	Nakayama Y et al.	Role of prostaglandin receptor subtype EP1 in prostaglandin E2-induced nociceptive transmission in the rat spinal dorsal horn.
14762100	J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.	2004	Fiorucci S et al.	Cooperation between aspirin-triggered lipoxin and nitric oxide (NO) mediates antiadhesive properties of 2-(Acetyloxy)benzoic acid 3-(nitrooxymethyl)phenyl ester (NCX-4016) (NO-aspirin) on neutrophil-endothelial cell adherence.
14699136	J. Biol. Chem.	2004	Sugimoto Y et al.	A cluster of aromatic amino acids in the i2 loop plays a key role for Gs coupling in prostaglandin EP2 and EP3 receptors.
14687664	Cell. Signal.	2004	Rockwell P et al.	Redox regulates COX-2 upregulation and cell death in the neuronal response to cadmium.
14623498	Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids	2003	Xu J et al.	Prostaglandin E2 production in astrocytes: regulation by cytokines, extracellular ATP, and oxidative agents.
14514642	Diabetes	2003	Kiritoshi S et al.	Reactive oxygen species from mitochondria induce cyclooxygenase-2 gene expression in human mesangial cells: potential role in diabetic nephropathy.
12837940	Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.	2003	Nishihara H et al.	Inhibition of apoptosis in normal and transformed intestinal epithelial cells by cAMP through induction of inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP)-2.
12370375	J. Immunol.	2002	Madden KB et al.	Role of STAT6 and mast cells in IL-4- and IL-13-induced alterations in murine intestinal epithelial cell function.
12164941	J. Invest. Dermatol.	2002	Kanda N and Watanabe S	Ketoconazole suppresses prostaglandin E(2)-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression in human epidermoid carcinoma A-431 cells.
12110441	Bone	2002	Ahlen J et al.	Characterization of the bone-resorptive effect of interleukin-11 in cultured mouse calvarial bones.
12077577	J. Am. Acad. Dermatol.	2002	Neisius U et al.	Prostaglandin E2 induces vasodilation and pruritus, but no protein extravasation in atopic dermatitis and controls.
11997384	J. Biol. Chem.	2002	Figueiredo-Pereira ME et al.	N-acetylcysteine and celecoxib lessen cadmium cytotoxicity which is associated with cyclooxygenase-2 up-regulation in mouse neuronal cells.
11882577	Hypertension	2002	Mendez M and LaPointe MC	Trophic effects of the cyclooxygenase-2 product prostaglandin E(2) in cardiac myocytes.
11821123	Toxicon	2002	Ribardo DA et al.	Role of melittin-like region within phospholipase A(2)-activating protein in biological function.
11286988	Biochem. Pharmacol.	2001	Nédélec E et al.	Stimulation of cyclooxygenase-2-activity by nitric oxide-derived species in rat chondrocyte: lack of contribution to loss of cartilage anabolism.
11181927	J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.	2001	Brandt MR et al.	Antinociceptive effects of delta-opioid agonists in Rhesus monkeys: effects on chemically induced thermal hypersensitivity.
11166334	Neuropharmacology	2001	Averbeck B and Reeh PW	Interactions of inflammatory mediators stimulating release of calcitonin gene-related peptide, substance P and prostaglandin E(2) from isolated rat skin.
11164953	Regul. Pept.	2001	Lindström E and Håkanson R	Neurohormonal regulation of secretion from isolated rat stomach ECL cells: a critical reappraisal.
11094054	J. Biol. Chem.	2001	Ribardo DA et al.	Prostaglandin levels in stimulated macrophages are controlled by phospholipase A2-activating protein and by activation of phospholipase C and D.
10634944	Biochim. Biophys. Acta	2000	Abramovitz M et al.	The utilization of recombinant prostanoid receptors to determine the affinities and selectivities of prostaglandins and related analogs.
10432392	Kidney Int.	1999	Jensen BL et al.	Differential regulation of renal prostaglandin receptor mRNAs by dietary salt intake in the rat.
10357836	J. Lipid Res.	1999	Mater MK et al.	Arachidonic acid and PGE2 regulation of hepatic lipogenic gene expression.
10231640	J. Vasc. Surg.	1999	Miralles M et al.	Indomethacin inhibits expansion of experimental aortic aneurysms via inhibition of the cox2 isoform of cyclooxygenase.
9743329	J. Immunol.	1998	Wu CY et al.	Prostaglandin E2 and dexamethasone inhibit IL-12 receptor expression and IL-12 responsiveness.
9506966	J. Biol. Chem.	1998	Chan BS et al.	Mechanism of prostaglandin E2 transport across the plasma membrane of HeLa cells and Xenopus oocytes expressing the prostaglandin transporter "PGT".
9443418	Cancer Res.	1998	Sheng H et al.	Modulation of apoptosis and Bcl-2 expression by prostaglandin E2 in human colon cancer cells.
9133408	J. Neurosci.	1997	Aley KO and Levine JD	Dissociation of tolerance and dependence for opioid peripheral antinociception in rats.
8940129	J. Biol. Chem.	1996	Okuda-Ashitaka E et al.	Suppression of prostaglandin E receptor signaling by the variant form of EP1 subtype.
7514634	J. Immunol.	1994	Splawski JB and Lipsky PE	Prostaglandin E2 inhibits T cell-dependent Ig secretion by neonatal but not adult lymphocytes.
29229127	J. Surg. Res.	2018	Peng TC et al.	Platonin mitigates vascular hyporeactivity of thoracic aorta in septic rats.
29046334	EMBO J.	2017	Sabirov RZ et al.	The organic anion transporter SLCO2A1 constitutes the core component of the Maxi-Cl channel.
29032204	Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.	2017	Xiao L et al.	Angtensin II elicits a cAMP-dependent intestinal anion secretion by stimulating PGE2 release through AT1 subtype receptors in rat ileum.
28963034	Chem. Biol. Interact.	2017	Liu W et al.	Gastroprotective effects of chebulagic acid against ethanol-induced gastric injury in rats.
28877931	Mol. Pharmacol.	2017	Taylor EJA et al.	Prostaglandin E2 Inhibits Histamine-Evoked Ca2+ Release in Human Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells through Hyperactive cAMP Signaling Junctions and Protein Kinase A.
28864467	J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.	2017	Schippers M et al.	Upregulation of Epac-1 in Hepatic Stellate Cells by Prostaglandin E2 in Liver Fibrosis Is Associated with Reduced Fibrogenesis.
28837884	Mol. Immunol.	2017	Che D et al.	Macrophages induce EMT to promote invasion of lung cancer cells through the IL-6-mediated COX-2/PGE2/β-catenin signalling pathway.
28784844	J. Immunol.	2017	Garth JM et al.	IL-33 Signaling Regulates Innate IL-17A and IL-22 Production via Suppression of Prostaglandin E2 during Lung Fungal Infection.
28780305	Exp. Cell Res.	2017	Liu Y et al.	Activated hepatic stellate cells directly induce pathogenic Th17 cells in chronic hepatitis B virus infection.
28760743	FASEB J.	2017	Maier A et al.	Hypoxia-inducible protein 2 Hig2/Hilpda mediates neutral lipid accumulation in macrophages and contributes to atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice.
28602931	Eur J Med Genet	2017	Ma W et al.	Pachydermoperiostosis of the complete type: A novel missense mutation c.101T > C in the SLCO2A1 gene.
28495310	Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol.	2017	Tsai MH et al.	Resveratrol inhibits urban particulate matter-induced COX-2/PGE2 release in human fibroblast-like synoviocytes via the inhibition of activation of NADPH oxidase/ROS/NF-κB.
28483455	Bioorg. Med. Chem.	2017	Umei K et al.	Identification of novel 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridyl-substituted benzo[d]thiazoles: Lead generation and optimization toward potent and orally active EP1 receptor antagonists.
28456544	Chem. Biol. Interact.	2017	Xie M et al.	Gastroprotective effect of gamma-aminobutyric acid against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury.
28438967	J. Neurosci.	2017	Eskilsson A et al.	Immune-Induced Fever Is Dependent on Local But Not Generalized Prostaglandin E2 Synthesis in the Brain.
28407559	Mol. Immunol.	2017	Choe J et al.	Positive feedback effect of PGE2 on cyclooxygenase-2 expression is mediated by inhibition of Akt phosphorylation in human follicular dendritic cell-like cells.
28341741	J. Biol. Chem.	2017	Samuchiwal SK et al.	Endogenous prostaglandin E2 amplifies IL-33 production by macrophages through an E prostanoid (EP)2/EP4-cAMP-EPAC-dependent pathway.
28340358	Biomaterials	2017	Fong D et al.	Lysosomal rupture induced by structurally distinct chitosans either promotes a type 1 IFN response or activates the inflammasome in macrophages.
28298525	J. Immunol.	2017	Zasłona Z et al.	The Induction of Pro-IL-1β by Lipopolysaccharide Requires Endogenous Prostaglandin E2 Production.
28288820	Biochem. Pharmacol.	2017	Yang CM et al.	Resveratrol inhibits BK-induced COX-2 transcription by suppressing acetylation of AP-1 and NF-κB in human rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts.
28283650
28263803	Life Sci.	2017	Jin J et al.	Prostaglandin E2 regulates renal function in C57/BL6 mouse with 5/6 nephrectomy.
28258202	J. Immunol.	2017	Turcotte C et al.	The Endocannabinoid Metabolite Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)-Glycerol Inhibits Human Neutrophil Functions: Involvement of Its Hydrolysis into PGE2 and EP Receptors.
28254818	Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol.	2017	Chen D et al.	E-Prostanoid 3 Receptor Mediates Sprouting Angiogenesis Through Suppression of the Protein Kinase A/β-Catenin/Notch Pathway.
28237086	Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids	2017	Fourie R et al.	Pseudomonas aeruginosa produces aspirin insensitive eicosanoids and contributes to the eicosanoid profile of polymicrobial biofilms with Candida albicans.
28235500	J Clin Anesth	2017	Luan YH et al.	Action of β-endorphin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and the possible effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on β-endorphin.
28222855	Surgery	2017	Schmidt A et al.	Direct growth-inhibitory effects of prostaglandin E2 in pancreatic cancer cells in vitro through an EP4/PKA-mediated mechanism.
28202625	Cancer Discov	2017	Loo TM et al.	Gut Microbiota Promotes Obesity-Associated Liver Cancer through PGE2-Mediated Suppression of Antitumor Immunity.
28193789	Diabetes	2017	Neuman JC et al.	Enriching Islet Phospholipids With Eicosapentaenoic Acid Reduces Prostaglandin E2 Signaling and Enhances Diabetic β-Cell Function.
28174280	Sci Signal	2017	Aoki T et al.	Prostaglandin E2-EP2-NF-κB signaling in macrophages as a potential therapeutic target for intracranial aneurysms.
28137973	J. Neurosci.	2017	Howarth C et al.	A Critical Role for Astrocytes in Hypercapnic Vasodilation in Brain.
28137629	Mol. Biochem. Parasitol.	2017	Kutyrev IA et al.	Prostaglandins E2 and D2-regulators of host immunity in the model parasite Diphyllobothrium dendriticum: An immunocytochemical and biochemical study.
28119480	Mol. Pharmacol.	2017	Mesev EV et al.	Ceramide 1-Phosphate Increases P-Glycoprotein Transport Activity at the Blood-Brain Barrier via Prostaglandin E2 Signaling.
28115480	J. Neurosci.	2017	Khomula EV et al.	Sexual Dimorphism in a Reciprocal Interaction of Ryanodine and IP3 Receptors in the Induction of Hyperalgesic Priming.
28096231	FASEB J.	2017	Giménez-Bastida JA et al.	Roles of 5-lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase-2 in the biosynthesis of hemiketals E2 and D2 by activated human leukocytes.
28094049	Eur. J. Cell Biol.	2017	Tönisen F et al.	EP4 receptor promotes invadopodia and invasion in human breast cancer.
28065721	Arch. Biochem. Biophys.	2017	Akasaka H et al.	The key residue within the second extracellular loop of human EP3 involved in selectively turning down PGE2- and retaining PGE1-mediated signaling in live cells.
28062696	J. Immunol.	2017	Hooper KM et al.	Prostaglandin E2 Inhibition of IL-27 Production in Murine Dendritic Cells: A Novel Mechanism That Involves IRF1.
28040561	Int J Pharm	2017	Blanco-García E et al.	Development and characterization of anti-inflammatory activity of curcumin-loaded biodegradable microspheres with potential use in intestinal inflammatory disorders.
28040266	Kidney Int.	2017	Frölich S et al.	Angiotensin II-AT1-receptor signaling is necessary for cyclooxygenase-2-dependent postnatal nephron generation.
27998743	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2017	Weng L et al.	Ampelopsin attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response through the inhibition of the NF-κB and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways in microglia.
27913583	J. Lipid Res.	2017	Fork C et al.	Epigenetic control of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 by HDAC-mediated recruitment of p300.
27912907	Bioorg. Chem.	2017	Lee SR et al.	Bioactivity-guided isolation of anti-inflammatory triterpenoids from the sclerotia of Poria cocos using LPS-stimulated Raw264.7 cells.
27881647	J. Virol.	2017	Alfajaro MM et al.	Activation of COX-2/PGE2 Promotes Sapovirus Replication via the Inhibition of Nitric Oxide Production.
27876213	Biomed. Pharmacother.	2016	Saygin M et al.	The impact of methotrexate on lung inflammatory and apoptotic pathway biomarkers-The role of gallic acid.
27871670	Biol. Psychiatry	2017	McCarthy MM and Wright CL	Convergence of Sex Differences and the Neuroimmune System in Autism Spectrum Disorder.
27864128	Gastroenterology	2017	Kim HB et al.	Prostaglandin E2 Activates YAP and a Positive-Signaling Loop to Promote Colon Regeneration After Colitis but Also Carcinogenesis in Mice.
27856675	J. Lipid Res.	2017	Tigistu-Sahle F et al.	Metabolism and phospholipid assembly of polyunsaturated fatty acids in human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells.
27856104	J Pharm Biomed Anal	2017	Shui S et al.	The investigation of anti-inflammatory activity of Yi Guanjian decoction by serum metabonomics approach.
27837675	Neurobiol. Aging	2017	Maingret V et al.	PGE2-EP3 signaling pathway impairs hippocampal presynaptic long-term plasticity in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
27834685	Acupunct Med	2016	Zhang H et al.	Antagonism of cannabinoid receptor 1 attenuates the anti-inflammatory effects of electroacupuncture in a rodent model of migraine.
27827823	Blood	2017	Kawano Y et al.	G-CSF-induced sympathetic tone provokes fever and primes antimobilizing functions of neutrophils via PGE2.
27826040	Cancer Lett.	2017	Feng X et al.	Dying glioma cells establish a proangiogenic microenvironment through a caspase 3 dependent mechanism.
27806992	FASEB J.	2017	Laan LC et al.	The whipworm (Trichuris suis) secretes prostaglandin E2 to suppress proinflammatory properties in human dendritic cells.
27554763	Cancer Prev Res (Phila)	2016	Boutaud O et al.	Inhibition of the Biosynthesis of Prostaglandin E2 By Low-Dose Aspirin: Implications for Adenocarcinoma Metastasis.
27503928	Cancer Res.	2016	Alba-Castellón L et al.	Snail1-Dependent Activation of Cancer-Associated Fibroblast Controls Epithelial Tumor Cell Invasion and Metastasis.
27797821	EMBO J.	2017	Miyoshi H et al.	Prostaglandin E2 promotes intestinal repair through an adaptive cellular response of the epithelium.
27784615	Biochim. Biophys. Acta	2017	Padmore T et al.	Quantitative analysis of the role of fiber length on phagocytosis and inflammatory response by alveolar macrophages.
27771306	Exp. Cell Res.	2016	Fu Y et al.	Overexpression of HMGB1 A-box reduced IL-1β-induced MMP expression and the production of inflammatory mediators in human chondrocytes.
27765359	Phytomedicine	2016	Hernández M et al.	Cardioprotective actions of curcumin on the pathogenic NFAT/COX-2/prostaglandin E2 pathway induced during Trypanosoma cruzi infection.
27667770	Pharmacol. Res.	2016	Villa V et al.	Novel celecoxib analogues inhibit glial production of prostaglandin E2, nitric oxide, and oxygen radicals reverting the neuroinflammatory responses induced by misfolded prion protein fragment 90-231 or lipopolysaccharide.
27605628	J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.	2016	Jamshidi RJ et al.	Long-Term Reduction of Kappa Opioid Receptor Function by the Biased Ligand, Norbinaltorphimine, Requires c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Activity and New Protein Synthesis in Peripheral Sensory Neurons.
27597642	Pharmacol. Res.	2016	Joshi V et al.	Celastrol modulates inflammation through inhibition of the catalytic activity of mediators of arachidonic acid pathway: Secretory phospholipase A2 group IIA, 5-lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase-2.
27645307	Chem. Biol. Interact.	2016	Halici Z et al.	Inhibiting renin angiotensin system in rate limiting step by aliskiren as a new approach for preventing indomethacin induced gastric ulcers.
27616330	Biochim. Biophys. Acta	2016	Filipenko I et al.	Upregulation of the S1P3 receptor in metastatic breast cancer cells increases migration and invasion by induction of PGE2 and EP2/EP4 activation.
27597418	Eur J Med Chem	2016	Ramanan M et al.	Inhibition of the enzymes in the leukotriene and prostaglandin pathways in inflammation by 3-aryl isocoumarins.
27584055	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2016	Lee DS et al.	Involvement of heme oxygenase-1 induction in the cytoprotective and neuroinflammatory activities of Siegesbeckia Pubescens isolated from 5,3'-dihydroxy-3,7,4'-trimethoxyflavone in HT22 cells and BV2 cells.
27572469	J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.	2016	Rezq S and Abdel-Rahman AA	Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla EP3 Receptor Mediates the Sympathoexcitatory and Pressor Effects of Prostaglandin E2 in Conscious Rats.
27569861	Chem. Biol. Interact.	2016	Kim KN et al.	5-Bromo-2-hydroxy-4-methyl-benzaldehyde inhibited LPS-induced production of pro-inflammatory mediators through the inactivation of ERK, p38, and NF-κB pathways in RAW 264.7 macrophages.
27524299	J Chromatogr A	2016	Shin JS et al.	Direct analysis of prostaglandin-E2 and -D2 produced in an inflammatory cell reaction and its application for activity screening and potency evaluation using turbulent flow chromatography liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry.
27515217	Med. Hypotheses	2016	Chen Y et al.	Prostaglandin E2 and Connexin 43 crosstalk in the osteogenesis induced by extracorporeal shockwave.
27502370	Circ Heart Fail	2016	Gu X et al.	Prostaglandin E2 Reduces Cardiac Contractility via EP3 Receptor.
27499447	Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids	2016	Lutter AH et al.	Biphasic influence of PGE2 on the resorption activity of osteoclast-like cells derived from human peripheral blood monocytes and mouse RAW264.7 cells.
27481946	J. Biol. Chem.	2016	Barrows D et al.	PREX1 Protein Function Is Negatively Regulated Downstream of Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Activation by p21-activated Kinases (PAKs).
27481248	Infect. Immun.	2016	Bhattacharjee A et al.	Leishmania donovani-Induced Prostaglandin E2 Generation Is Critically Dependent on Host Toll-Like Receptor 2-Cytosolic Phospholipase A2 Signaling.
27473979	Res. Vet. Sci.	2016	Maślanka T et al.	Prostaglandin E2 exerts the proapoptotic and antiproliferative effects on bovine NK cells.
27380619	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2016	Li W et al.	Anti-ulcerogenic effect of cavidine against ethanol-induced acute gastric ulcer in mice and possible underlying mechanism.
27372846	Med. Hypotheses	2016	Vitkov L et al.	Is osseointegration inflammation-triggered?
27262506	Exp. Cell Res.	2016	Hassan L et al.	Resistance to ursolic acid-induced apoptosis through involvement of melanogenesis and COX-2/PGE2 pathways in human M4Beu melanoma cancer cells.
27260940	Vascul. Pharmacol.	2016	Kraemer MP et al.	Regulation of arterial reactivity by concurrent signaling through the E-prostanoid receptor 3 and angiotensin receptor 1.
27217589	J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.	2016	Woodward DF et al.	Prostaglandin E2-Glyceryl Ester: In Vivo Evidence for a Distinct Pharmacological Identity from Intraocular Pressure Studies.
27210423	Immunol. Lett.	2016	Totary-Jain H et al.	Indomethacin sensitizes resistant transformed cells to macrophage cytotoxicity.
27188793	Biochem. Pharmacol.	2016	Caiazzo E et al.	Adenosine signalling mediates the anti-inflammatory effects of the COX-2 inhibitor nimesulide.
27183597	J. Immunol.	2016	Speth JM et al.	Alveolar Epithelial Cell-Derived Prostaglandin E2 Serves as a Request Signal for Macrophage Secretion of Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 during Innate Inflammation.
27181513	Neurosci. Lett.	2016	Nassar A et al.	Psychotropic drugs attenuate lipopolysaccharide-induced hypothermia by altering hypothalamic levels of inflammatory mediators in rats.
27177970	Arch. Biochem. Biophys.	2016	Akasaka H and Ruan KH	Identification of the two-phase mechanism of arachidonic acid regulating inflammatory prostaglandin E2 biosynthesis by targeting COX-2 and mPGES-1.
27169804	Sci Transl Med	2016	Yerushalmi GM et al.	The prostaglandin transporter (PGT) as a potential mediator of ovulation.
27132094	J. Dairy Sci.	2016	Kowsar R et al.	Short communication: Urea induces T helper 2 (Th2) type environment at transcriptional level and prostaglandin E2 secretion in bovine oviduct epithelial cells in culture.
27131287	Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol.	2016	Dilshara MG et al.	Morin downregulates nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 production in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells by suppressing NF-κB activity and activating HO-1 induction.
27118338	Pharmacol. Ther.	2016	Conejo-Garcia JR et al.	State-of-the-art of regulatory dendritic cells in cancer.
27105159	Atherosclerosis	2016	Santilli F et al.	The Coxib case: Are EP receptors really guilty?
27091501	Neurosci. Lett.	2016	Silva LC et al.	κ-Opioid receptor participates of NSAIDs peripheral antinociception.
27086487	Oral Oncol.	2016	Yang CC et al.	Up-regulation of HB-EGF by the COX-2/PGE2 signaling associates with the cisplatin resistance and tumor recurrence of advanced HNSCC.
27064015	Phytomedicine	2016	Kwok AH et al.	Cytotoxic and pro-oxidative effects of Imperata cylindrica aerial part ethyl acetate extract in colorectal cancer in vitro.
27038655	Biochem. Pharmacol.	2016	Chiappini F et al.	Enhanced cyclooxygenase-2 expression levels and metalloproteinase 2 and 9 activation by Hexachlorobenzene in human endometrial stromal cells.
27033904	Res. Vet. Sci.	2016	Przybysz J et al.	The influence of prostaglandin E2 on the production of IFN-γ by bovine CD4(+), CD8(+) and WC1(+) T cells.
27012893	Int. J. Biol. Macromol.	2016	Gupta A and Aparoy P	Insights into the structure activity relationship of mPGES-1 inhibitors: Hints for better inhibitor design.
27001836	Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.	2016	Hangai S et al.	PGE2 induced in and released by dying cells functions as an inhibitory DAMP.
26994820	Cell. Signal.	2016	Cheng JC et al.	Sphingosine-1-phosphate induces COX-2 expression and PGE2 production in human granulosa cells through a S1P1/3-mediated YAP signaling.
26989254	Science	2016	Duffin R et al.	Prostaglandin E₂ constrains systemic inflammation through an innate lymphoid cell-IL-22 axis.
26970310	Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.	2016	Wang H et al.	Metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) signaling in rheumatoid synovium: Regulation of inflammatory response and cytokine-mediated production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2).
26964715	Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol.	2016	Plessers E et al.	Immunomodulatory properties of gamithromycin and ketoprofen in lipopolysaccharide-challenged calves with emphasis on the acute-phase response.
26932930	FASEB J.	2016	Chan PC et al.	Importance of adipocyte cyclooxygenase-2 and prostaglandin E2-prostaglandin E receptor 3 signaling in the development of obesity-induced adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance.
26928462	Cancer Immunol Res	2016	Basingab FS et al.	IFNγ-Dependent Interactions between ICAM-1 and LFA-1 Counteract Prostaglandin E2-Mediated Inhibition of Antitumor CTL Responses.
26926362	Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids	2016	Bonanno A et al.	Prostaglandin E₂ possesses different potencies in inducing Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Interleukin-8 production in COPD human lung fibroblasts.
26920260	Food Chem	2016	Kim YS et al.	Anti-inflammatory action of high molecular weight Mytilus edulis hydrolysates fraction in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophage via NF-κB and MAPK pathways.
26912395	J. Lipid Res.	2016	Hu X et al.	Major role of adipocyte prostaglandin E2 in lipolysis-induced macrophage recruitment.
26906242	J Endod	2016	Chang MC et al.	Prostaglandin E2 Stimulates EP2, Adenylate Cyclase, Phospholipase C, and Intracellular Calcium Release to Mediate Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Production in Dental Pulp Cells.
26902402	Phytomedicine	2016	Rosa SI et al.	Vitexin reduces neutrophil migration to inflammatory focus by down-regulating pro-inflammatory mediators via inhibition of p38, ERK1/2 and JNK pathway.
26888865	Cancer Prev Res (Phila)	2016	Maeda Y et al.	Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 Signaling in Bone Marrow-Derived Cells Promotes Gastric Tumorigenesis by Generation of Inflammatory Microenvironment.
26868972	Neuroscience	2016	Liu H and Duan SR	Prostaglandin E2-mediated upregulation of neuroexcitation and persistent tetrodotoxin-resistant Na(+) currents in Ah-type trigeminal ganglion neurons isolated from adult female rats.
26855374	Bone	2016	Meyer LA et al.	Combined exposure to big endothelin-1 and mechanical loading in bovine sternal cores promotes osteogenesis.
26851122	Bone	2016	Fujiwara M et al.	Successful induction of sclerostin in human-derived fibroblasts by 4 transcription factors and its regulation by parathyroid hormone, hypoxia, and prostaglandin E2.
26850138	Exp. Cell Res.	2016	Kasai T et al.	Role of OATP2A1 in PGE(2) secretion from human colorectal cancer cells via exocytosis in response to oxidative stress.
26835987	Int. J. Biol. Macromol.	2016	Wang Q et al.	A pure polysaccharide from Ephedra sinica treating on arthritis and inhibiting cytokines expression.
26826430	Mol. Cell. Endocrinol.	2016	Liu C et al.	Inhibition of lysyl oxidase by prostaglandin E2 via EP2/EP4 receptors in human amnion fibroblasts: Implications for parturition.
26817629	Endocr. Relat. Cancer	2016	Swami S et al.	Vitamin D mitigates the adverse effects of obesity on breast cancer in mice.
26802941	Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids	2016	Kiraly AJ et al.	Apigenin inhibits COX-2, PGE2, and EP1 and also initiates terminal differentiation in the epidermis of tumor bearing mice.
26795547	Virus Res.	2016	Procario MC et al.	Prostaglandin E2 production during neonatal respiratory infection with mouse adenovirus type 1.
26779946	Fitoterapia	2016	Zhang L et al.	Anti-inflammatory cyclopentene derivatives from the inner bark of Tabebuia avellanedae.
26764242	Neuropharmacology	2016	Menze ET et al.	Genistein improves sensorimotor gating: Mechanisms related to its neuroprotective effects on the striatum.
26744410	Clin. Sci.	2016	Evans IC et al.	Epigenetic regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 by methylation of c8orf4 in pulmonary fibrosis.
26724477	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2016	Saldanha AA et al.	Anti-inflammatory effects of the butanolic fraction of Byrsonima verbascifolia leaves: Mechanisms involving inhibition of tumor necrosis factor alpha, prostaglandin E(2) production and migration of polymorphonuclear leucocyte in vivo experimentation.
26721430	Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.	2016	Miah MF et al.	N-linked glycans do not affect plasma membrane localization of multidrug resistance protein 4 (MRP4) but selectively alter its prostaglandin E2 transport activity.
26672702	Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop	2015	Gameiro GH et al.	Association among pain, masticatory performance, and proinflammatory cytokines in crevicular fluid during orthodontic treatment.
26659713	Br J Ophthalmol	2016	Wang L et al.	Anterior chamber interleukin 1β, interleukin 6 and prostaglandin E2 in patients undergoing femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery.
26658718	Biochim. Biophys. Acta	2016	Fernández-Martínez AB et al.	Intracellular prostaglandin E2 mediates cisplatin-induced proximal tubular cell death.
26658365	Arch. Oral Biol.	2016	Gümüş P et al.	Evaluation of the gingival inflammation in pregnancy and postpartum via 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3, prostaglandin E2 and TNF-α levels in saliva.
26653747	J Trace Elem Med Biol	2016	Leis HJ and Windischhofer W	Potentiation of endothelin-1-induced prostaglandin E2 formation by Ni(2+) and Sr(2+) in murine osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells.
26644581	Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.	2015	Luan B et al.	CREB pathway links PGE2 signaling with macrophage polarization.
26644349	FASEB J.	2016	Naini SM et al.	Cytosolic phospholipase A2α regulates G1 progression through modulating FOXO1 activity.
26632201	Med. Hypotheses	2016	Langhendries JP et al.	Possible effects of repeated exposure to ibuprofen and acetaminophen on the intestinal immune response in young infants.
26631441	Bioorg. Med. Chem.	2015	Cho NC et al.	Discovery of 2-aryloxy-4-amino-quinazoline derivatives as novel protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) antagonists.
26608124	Neuroscience	2016	Simm B et al.	Effects of prostaglandin E2 on cells cultured from the rat organum vasculosum laminae terminalis and median preoptic nucleus.
26596719	J Biomech	2015	Liu C et al.	Mechanical loading up-regulates early remodeling signals from osteocytes subjected to physical damage.
26585956	Blood	2016	Aghourian MN et al.	Prostaglandin E synthase is upregulated by Gas6 during cancer-induced venous thrombosis.
26577025	Reproduction	2016	Przygrodzka E et al.	Steroid hormones, prostanoids, and angiogenic systems during rescue of the corpus luteum in pigs.
26546575	J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.	2016	Mistretta FA et al.	DFL23448, A Novel Transient Receptor Potential Melastin 8-Selective Ion Channel Antagonist, Modifies Bladder Function and Reduces Bladder Overactivity in Awake Rats.
26543101	Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol.	2016	Gao C et al.	Microsomal Prostaglandin E Synthase-1-Derived PGE2 Inhibits Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Calcification.
26527065	FASEB J.	2016	Sun J et al.	Cathelicidins positively regulate pancreatic β-cell functions.
26475855	J. Biol. Chem.	2015	Inada M et al.	Direct Melanoma Cell Contact Induces Stromal Cell Autocrine Prostaglandin E2-EP4 Receptor Signaling That Drives Tumor Growth, Angiogenesis, and Metastasis.
26474801	Biochem. Pharmacol.	2015	Shimada H et al.	OATP2A1/SLCO2A1-mediated prostaglandin E2 loading into intracellular acidic compartments of macrophages contributes to exocytotic secretion.
26434370	J. Pediatr.	2015	Siljehav V et al.	Prostaglandin E2 Mediates Cardiorespiratory Disturbances during Infection in Neonates.
26432356	Cell. Signal.	2015	Taub M et al.	Renal proximal tubule Na,K-ATPase is controlled by CREB-regulated transcriptional coactivators as well as salt-inducible kinase 1.
26416211	Immunobiology	2016	Hermankova B et al.	Suppression of IL-10 production by activated B cells via a cell contact-dependent cyclooxygenase-2 pathway upregulated in IFN-γ-treated mesenchymal stem cells.
26403276	Biochim. Biophys. Acta	2015	Blirando K et al.	The stellate vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype is induced by IL-1β via the secretion of PGE2 and subsequent cAMP-dependent protein kinase A activation.
26390819	Life Sci.	2015	Kurokawa T et al.	Underlying mechanisms of urine storage dysfunction in rats with salt-loading hypertension.
26349412	Theriogenology	2015	Bartlewski PM and Candappa IB	Assessing the usefulness of prostaglandin E2 (Cervidil) for transcervical artificial insemination in ewes.
26335727	Biochim. Biophys. Acta	2015	Almada M et al.	Anandamide and decidual remodelling: COX-2 oxidative metabolism as a key regulator.
26320551	Brain Res.	2015	Mizutani Y et al.	Effects of prostaglandin E2 on synaptic transmission in the rat spinal trigeminal subnucleus caudalis.
26319242	J. Am. Soc. Nephrol.	2016	Nasrallah R et al.	PGE2, Kidney Disease, and Cardiovascular Risk: Beyond Hypertension and Diabetes.
26311764	J. Neurosci.	2015	Lacroix A et al.	COX-2-Derived Prostaglandin E2 Produced by Pyramidal Neurons Contributes to Neurovascular Coupling in the Rodent Cerebral Cortex.
26298203	Redox Biol	2015	Kashfi K et al.	NOSH-sulindac (AVT-18A) is a novel nitric oxide- and hydrogen sulfide-releasing hybrid that is gastrointestinal safe and has potent anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, anti-platelet, and anti-cancer properties.
26297384	J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.	2015	Jamshidi RJ et al.	Functional selectivity of kappa opioid receptor agonists in peripheral sensory neurons.
26265462	Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant.	2015	Ok Bozkaya I et al.	The Effect of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor on Immune-Modulatory Cytokines in the Bone Marrow Microenvironment and Mesenchymal Stem Cells of Healthy Donors.
26261008	Gastroenterology	2015	Wang D et al.	Prostaglandin E2 Promotes Colorectal Cancer Stem Cell Expansion and Metastasis in Mice.
26256195	Carbohydr Polym	2015	Chen Q et al.	Xanthan gum protects rabbit articular chondrocytes against sodium nitroprusside-induced apoptosis in vitro.
26255103	J. Allergy Clin. Immunol.	2016	Kondeti V et al.	Leukotriene D4 and prostaglandin E2 signals synergize and potentiate vascular inflammation in a mast cell-dependent manner through cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 and E-prostanoid receptor 3.
26254207	Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol.	2015	Beckmann M et al.	Prostaglandin vaginal gel induction of labor comparing amniotomy with repeat prostaglandin gel.
26253311	Med. Hypotheses	2015	Foster J et al.	Is prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) involved in the thermogenic response to environmental cooling in healthy humans?
26242710	Placenta	2015	Cheng Z et al.	Effect of oleic acid supplementation on prostaglandin production in maternal endometrial and fetal allantochorion cells isolated from late gestation ewes.
26240416	Reproduction	2015	Gram A et al.	Expression and functional implications of luteal endothelins in pregnant and non-pregnant dogs.
26216515	Mol. Ther.	2015	Reading JL et al.	Suppression of IL-7-dependent Effector T-cell Expansion by Multipotent Adult Progenitor Cells and PGE2.
26183771	FASEB J.	2015	Kirkby NS et al.	Inherited human group IVA cytosolic phospholipase A2 deficiency abolishes platelet, endothelial, and leucocyte eicosanoid generation.
26143011	Neuroscience	2015	Dutra RC et al.	The antinociceptive effects of the tetracyclic triterpene euphol in inflammatory and neuropathic pain models: The potential role of PKCε.
26142955	Exp. Eye Res.	2015	Kudryavtseva O et al.	Prostaglandin induced changes in the tone of porcine retinal arterioles in vitro involve other factors than calcium activity in perivascular cells.
26123522	Biochem. Pharmacol.	2015	Koeberle A and Werz O	Perspective of microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 as drug target in inflammation-related disorders.
26122137	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2015	Shen L and Liu Y	Prostaglandin E2 blockade enhances the pulmonary anti-Cryptococcus neoformans immune reaction via the induction of TLR-4.
26100911	Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.	2015	Gao M et al.	Disruption of prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 impairs urinary concentration via decreasing aquaporin 2 in renal collecting ducts.
26100666	Toxicon	2015	Kimura LF et al.	Mast cells and histamine play an important role in edema and leukocyte recruitment induced by Potamotrygon motoro stingray venom in mice.
26100595	Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol.	2015	Pelissier-Rota MA et al.	Nicotine-induced cellular stresses and autophagy in human cancer colon cells: A supportive effect on cell homeostasis via up-regulation of Cox-2 and PGE(2) production.
26079093	Exp. Physiol.	2015	Ali SS et al.	Effects of different routes of nicotine administration on gastric morphology and hormonal secretion in rats.
26077962	Thromb. Res.	2015	Friedman EA et al.	Understanding the role of prostaglandin E2 in regulating human platelet activity in health and disease.
26065856	FASEB J.	2015	Amadio P et al.	Production of prostaglandin E2 induced by cigarette smoke modulates tissue factor expression and activity in endothelial cells.
26063630	Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol.	2015	Granato C et al.	Prostaglandin E2 excitatory effects on rat urinary bladder: a comparison between the β-adrenoceptor modulation of non-voiding activity in vivo and micro-contractile activity in vitro.
26020725	Mol. Endocrinol.	2015	Berthou F et al.	The Tpl2 Kinase Regulates the COX-2/Prostaglandin E2 Axis in Adipocytes in Inflammatory Conditions.
26004410	Curr. Pharm. Des.	2015	Takeuchi K et al.	Regulatory mechanism of the gastric hyperemic response following barrier disruption: roles of cyclooxygenase-1, the prostaglandin E2/EP1 receptor and sensory neurons.
25997851	J Neuroinflammation	2015	Carlson NG et al.	The role of the prostaglandin E2 receptors in vulnerability of oligodendrocyte precursor cells to death.
25976749	Neurotoxicology	2015	Chapman S et al.	Sarin-induced brain damage in rats is attenuated by delayed administration of midazolam.
25962903	J. Allergy Clin. Immunol.	2015	Säfholm J et al.	Prostaglandin E2 inhibits mast cell-dependent bronchoconstriction in human small airways through the E prostanoid subtype 2 receptor.
25916550	Cell Res.	2015	Li P et al.	Epigenetic silencing of microRNA-149 in cancer-associated fibroblasts mediates prostaglandin E2/interleukin-6 signaling in the tumor microenvironment.
25903377	BMC Musculoskelet Disord	2015	Ferrándiz ML et al.	Effects of BIS076 in a model of osteoarthritis induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection in ovariectomised rats.
25872797	Int. J. Mol. Med.	2015	Ha C et al.	Hydrogen sulfide attenuates IL-1β-induced inflammatory signaling and dysfunction of osteoarthritic chondrocytes.
25865800	Exp. Dermatol.	2015	Saalbach A et al.	Fibroblasts support migration of monocyte-derived dendritic cells by secretion of PGE2 and MMP-1.
25771128	Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.	2015	Wrobel MH et al.	The adverse effects of aldrin and dieldrin on both myometrial contractions and the secretory functions of bovine ovaries and uterus in vitro.
25753843	Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol	2015	El Morsy EM et al.	Attenuating effects of coenzyme Q10 and amlodipine in ulcerative colitis model in rats.
25711428	Life Sci.	2015	Amoruso A et al.	Characterization of the anti-inflammatory properties of NCX 429, a dual-acting compound releasing nitric oxide and naproxen.
25701505	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2015	Byun EB et al.	Gamma-irradiated resveratrol negatively regulates LPS-induced MAPK and NF-κB signaling through TLR4 in macrophages.
25686984	Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl	2015	Murni NS et al.	Cytotoxicity evaluation of biodegradable Zn-3Mg alloy toward normal human osteoblast cells.
25683963	Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol.	2015	Falsetta ML et al.	Identification of novel mechanisms involved in generating localized vulvodynia pain.
25681768	Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.	2015	Toki Y et al.	Extracellular ATP induces P2X7 receptor activation in mouse Kupffer cells, leading to release of IL-1β, HMGB1, and PGE2, decreased MHC class I expression and necrotic cell death.
25634334	Carcinogenesis	2015	Nakanishi M et al.	Non-cell autonomous effects of targeting inducible PGE2 synthesis during inflammation-associated colon carcinogenesis.
25630423	Dig. Dis. Sci.	2015	Baird AC et al.	Prostaglandin E₂ and polyenylphosphatidylcholine protect against intestinal fibrosis and regulate myofibroblast function.
25585231	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2015	Reddy SA et al.	Sulforaphane and its methylcarbonyl analogs inhibit the LPS-stimulated inflammatory response in human monocytes through modulating cytokine production, suppressing chemotactic migration and phagocytosis in a NF-κB- and MAPK-dependent manner.
25557876	Exp. Cell Res.	2015	Yang C et al.	CYP2S1 depletion enhances colorectal cell proliferation is associated with PGE2-mediated activation of β-catenin signaling.
25554493	Neurobiol. Aging	2015	Ko CY et al.	CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein delta/miR135a/thrombospondin 1 axis mediates PGE2-induced angiogenesis in Alzheimer's disease.
25546515	J. Cell. Physiol.	2015	Xie C et al.	Down-regulated CFTR During Aging Contributes to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia.
25501336	Int J Mol Sci	2014	Lin CY et al.	Pheophytin a inhibits inflammation via suppression of LPS-induced nitric oxide synthase-2, prostaglandin E2, and interleukin-1β of macrophages.
25482406	Hepatology	2015	Choe WH and Baik SK	Prostaglandin E2 -mediated immunosuppression and the role of albumin as its modulator.
25461458	Pharmacol. Res.	2014	Martinez-Cutillas M et al.	EP2 and EP4 receptors mediate PGE2 induced relaxation in murine colonic circular muscle: pharmacological characterization.
25458900	Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids	2014	Piao YL et al.	Wound healing effects of new 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase inhibitors.
25454762	Nutr Res	2014	Jayasooriya RG et al.	Isobutyrylshikonin inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 production in BV2 microglial cells by suppressing the PI3K/Akt-mediated nuclear transcription factor-κB pathway.
25451282	Neuroscience	2015	Miranda J et al.	Effect of pain chronification and chronic pain on an endogenous pain modulation circuit in rats.
25446121	Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.	2015	Kim S et al.	Prostaglandin potentiates 5-HT responses in stomach and ileum innervating visceral afferent sensory neurons.
25441150	Nutr Res	2014	Kim HY et al.	Extracts of Actinidia arguta stems inhibited LPS-induced inflammatory responses through nuclear factor-κB pathway in Raw 264.7 cells.
25433165	Cell. Signal.	2015	Bujok K et al.	Interplay between the prostaglandin transporter OATP2A1 and prostaglandin E2-mediated cellular effects.
25310697	PLoS ONE	2014	Peacock O et al.	Inflammation and MiR-21 pathways functionally interact to downregulate PDCD4 in colorectal cancer.
25257209	Bioessays	2014	Hurle JM	Regenerative versus destructive cell death in developing systems and tissue homeostasis (retrospective on DOI 10.1002/bies.201200018).
25241065	Neuroscience	2014	Grace PM et al.	Activation of adult rat CNS endothelial cells by opioid-induced toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling induces proinflammatory, biochemical, morphological, and behavioral sequelae.
25213103	J. Pharm. Pharmacol.	2015	Araujo e Silva AC et al.	Role of gastric acid inhibition, prostaglandins and endogenous-free thiol groups on the gastroprotective effect of a proteolytic fraction from Vasconcellea cundinamarcensis latex.
25205726	Biol. Chem.	2015	Maeda Y et al.	Mechanisms for proteinase-activated receptor 1-triggered prostaglandin E2 generation in mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells.
25186613	Cancer Immunol. Immunother.	2014	Hattar K et al.	Interactions between neutrophils and non-small cell lung cancer cells: enhancement of tumor proliferation and inflammatory mediator synthesis.
25184246	Am J Sports Med	2014	Dolkart O et al.	Statins enhance rotator cuff healing by stimulating the COX2/PGE2/EP4 pathway: an in vivo and in vitro study.
25168428	Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.	2014	Jin SH et al.	Keratinocyte-derived IL-24 plays a role in the positive feedback regulation of epidermal inflammation in response to environmental and endogenous toxic stressors.
25152071	J. Med. Chem.	2014	Kokotos G et al.	Inhibition of group IVA cytosolic phospholipase A2 by thiazolyl ketones in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo.
25122761	J. Biol. Chem.	2014	Shridas P et al.	Group X secretory phospholipase A2 regulates insulin secretion through a cyclooxygenase-2-dependent mechanism.
25118941	Mol Med Rep	2014	Bao JP et al.	Visceral adipose tissue-derived serine protease inhibitor inhibits interleukin-1β-induced catabolic and inflammatory responses in murine chondrocytes.
25110109	Mol Med Rep	2014	Liu N et al.	Helicobacter pylori promotes VEGF expression via the p38 MAPK‑mediated COX‑2‑PGE2 pathway in MKN45 cells.
25110036	Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol.	2014	Kota DJ et al.	MSCs and hyaluronan: sticking together for new therapeutic potential?
25068824	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2014	Jakhar R et al.	Morin hydrate augments phagocytosis mechanism and inhibits LPS induced autophagic signaling in murine macrophage.
25063710	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2014	Li W et al.	Protective effect of sanguinarine on LPS-induced endotoxic shock in mice and its effect on LPS-induced COX-2 expression and COX-2 associated PGE2 release from peritoneal macrophages.
25046208	Am. J. Reprod. Immunol.	2015	Lappas M	Cellular inhibitors of apoptosis proteins cIAP1 and cIAP2 are increased after labour in foetal membranes and myometrium and are essential for TNF-α-induced expression of pro-labour mediators.
24992627
24965868	Acta Physiol (Oxf)	2014	Graugaard-Jensen C et al.	Urinary concentration does not exclusively rely on plasma vasopressin. A study between genders. Gender and diurnal urine regulation.
24908337	Theriogenology	2014	Weems YS et al.	Prostaglandin E1 or E2 inhibits an oxytocin-induced premature luteolysis in ewes when oxytocin is given early in the estrous cycle.
24907113	Clin. Cancer Res.	2014	Mao Y et al.	Inhibition of tumor-derived prostaglandin-e2 blocks the induction of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and recovers natural killer cell activity.
24894428	Clin. Exp. Immunol.	2014	Hodge G et al.	Lung cancer is associated with decreased expression of perforin, granzyme B and interferon (IFN)-γ by infiltrating lung tissue T cells, natural killer (NK) T-like and NK cells.
24861422	J. Neurosci. Methods	2014	Gruen M et al.	Use of dynamic weight bearing as a novel end-point for the assessment of abdominal pain in the LPS-induced peritonitis model in the rat.
24859013	Cell. Immunol.	2014	Dilshara MG et al.	Anti-inflammatory mechanism of α-viniferin regulates lipopolysaccharide-induced release of proinflammatory mediators in BV2 microglial cells.
24839005	Tumour Biol.	2014	Jongthawin J et al.	PGE2 signaling and its biosynthesis-related enzymes in cholangiocarcinoma progression.
24837228	Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol.	2014	Stenson WF	The universe of arachidonic acid metabolites in inflammatory bowel disease: can we tell the good from the bad?
24824317	BJOG	2015	Grobman WA	Is it time for outpatient cervical ripening with prostaglandins?
24810489	Angle Orthod	2015	Jin Y et al.	Functional role of mechanosensitive ion channel Piezo1 in human periodontal ligament cells.
24807327	Obstet Gynecol	2014	Edwards RK et al.	Foley catheter compared with the controlled-release dinoprostone insert: a randomized controlled trial.
24792209	Osteoarthr. Cartil.	2014	Yoshioka K et al.	Pharmacological effects of novel cross-linked hyaluronate, Gel-200, in experimental animal models of osteoarthritis and human cell lines.
24768319	Mol. Immunol.	2015	Torres R et al.	The PGE2-EP2-mast cell axis: an antiasthma mechanism.
24752596	J Anesth	2014	Kim JD et al.	Effect of propofol on prostaglandin E2 production and prostaglandin synthase-2 and cyclooxygenase-2 expressions in amniotic membrane cells.
24726877	Immunity	2014	Coulombe F et al.	Targeted prostaglandin E2 inhibition enhances antiviral immunity through induction of type I interferon and apoptosis in macrophages.
24689881	J. Nat. Prod.	2014	Pyee Y et al.	Suppression of inflammatory responses by handelin, a guaianolide dimer from Chrysanthemum boreale, via downregulation of NF-κB signaling and pro-inflammatory cytokine production.
24636062	Chin J Nat Med	2014	Kim JH et al.	Cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory effects of root bark extracts of Acanthopanax henryi.
24627480	J. Biol. Chem.	2014	Liu Q et al.	Blockade of Fas signaling in breast cancer cells suppresses tumor growth and metastasis via disruption of Fas signaling-initiated cancer-related inflammation.
24614812	Clin Obstet Gynecol	2014	Goetzl L	Methods of cervical ripening and labor induction: pharmacologic.
24559044	J Nanobiotechnology	2014	Inui S et al.	Reduction of conspicuous facial pores by topical fullerene: possible role in the suppression of PGE2 production in the skin.
24467543	Am. J. Chin. Med.	2014	Park EY et al.	Efficacy comparison of Korean ginseng and American ginseng on body temperature and metabolic parameters.
24439901	Cell Host Microbe	2014	Kim YG et al.	Gut dysbiosis promotes M2 macrophage polarization and allergic airway inflammation via fungi-induced PGE₂.
24433989	J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris)	2014	Gaudineau A and Vayssière C	[Cervical ripening with misoprostol with a live fetus].
24418675	Osteoarthr. Cartil.	2014	Li TF et al.	BMP-2 induces ATF4 phosphorylation in chondrocytes through a COX-2/PGE2 dependent signaling pathway.
24397441	J. Matern. Fetal. Neonatal. Med.	2014	Wang W et al.	Which is the safer method of labor induction for oligohydramnios women? Transcervical double balloon catheter or dinoprostone vaginal insert.
24383868	Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol.	2014	Talukder JR et al.	Lactoferrin ameliorates prostaglandin E2-mediated inhibition of Na+ -glucose cotransport in enterocytes.
24378735	Mol. Cell. Endocrinol.	2014	Fujimori K et al.	Termination mechanism of CREB-dependent activation of COX-2 expression in early phase of adipogenesis.
24355567	Biochem. Pharmacol.	2014	Schiffmann S et al.	PGE2/EP4 signaling in peripheral immune cells promotes development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
24355293	Life Sci.	2014	Malvar Ddo C et al.	Antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effects of 1.5-diphenyl-1H-Pyrazole-3-carbohydrazide, a new heterocyclic pyrazole derivative.
24338998	Mol Nutr Food Res	2014	Kim MS et al.	Phloretin suppresses thrombin-mediated leukocyte-platelet-endothelial interactions.
24333565	Exp. Neurol.	2014	Kaushik MK et al.	Prostaglandin D(2) is crucial for seizure suppression and postictal sleep.
24324582	PLoS ONE	2013	He YF et al.	High MUC2 expression in ovarian cancer is inversely associated with the M1/M2 ratio of tumor-associated macrophages and patient survival time.
24272593	Endocrine	2014	Sanchez R et al.	Crosstalk between nitric oxide synthases and cyclooxygenase 2 in the adrenal cortex of rats under lipopolysaccharide treatment.
24239036	J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris)	2015	Ducarme G et al.	[Factors predicting unsuccessful labor induction with dinoprostone in post-term pregnancy with unfavorable cervix].
24157494	J Perinatol	2014	Faucett AM et al.	Oral misoprostol versus vaginal dinoprostone for labor induction in nulliparous women at term.
24133101	Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol.	2013	Tanaka M et al.	Role of an excitatory preoptic-raphé pathway in febrile vasoconstriction of the rat's tail.
24132147	Int J Mol Sci	2013	Cho HJ et al.	Erucin exerts anti-inflammatory properties in murine macrophages and mouse skin: possible mediation through the inhibition of NFκB signaling.
24127286	Mol. Carcinog.	2015	Woo SM et al.	Silymarin suppresses the PGE2 -induced cell migration through inhibition of EP2 activation; G protein-dependent PKA-CREB and G protein-independent Src-STAT3 signal pathways.
24118119	J. Clin. Periodontol.	2013	Sánchez GA et al.	Salivary IL-1β and PGE2 as biomarkers of periodontal status, before and after periodontal treatment.
24074742	Nutr Res	2013	Zhang D et al.	Modified apple polysaccharides suppress the migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells induced by lipopolysaccharide.
24060896	Hypertension	2013	Ren Y et al.	Prostaglandin E2 mediates connecting tubule glomerular feedback.
24055573	Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids	2013	Frolov A et al.	Anti-inflammatory properties of prostaglandin E2: deletion of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 exacerbates non-immune inflammatory arthritis in mice.
24055019	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2013	Lee DS et al.	Inhibitory effect of 9-hydroxy-6,7-dimethoxydalbergiquinol from Dalbergia odorifera on the NF-κB-related neuroinflammatory response in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mouse BV2 microglial cells is mediated by heme oxygenase-1.
24051006	Arch. Biochem. Biophys.	2013	Li Y et al.	The responses of osteoblasts to fluid shear stress depend on substrate chemistries.
24007274	Stem Cells Dev.	2014	Barbeau DJ et al.	Early growth response-2 signaling mediates immunomodulatory effects of human multipotential stromal cells.
23978451	Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids	2013	Eilati E et al.	Flaxseed enriched diet-mediated reduction in ovarian cancer severity is correlated to the reduction of prostaglandin E(2) in laying hen ovaries.
23916228	Arch. Oral Biol.	2013	Chang LY et al.	Areca nut extracts increased the expression of cyclooxygenase-2, prostaglandin E2 and interleukin-1α in human immune cells via oxidative stress.
23895161	Am. J. Chin. Med.	2013	Koppula S et al.	Carpesium macrocephalum attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in macrophages by regulating the NF-κB/IκB-α, Akt, and STAT signaling pathways.
23880611	Allergol Int	2013	Isogai S et al.	Upregulation of CD11b on eosinophils in aspirin induced asthma.
23873014	Med. Oncol.	2013	Li T et al.	Colorectal carcinoma-derived fibroblasts modulate natural killer cell phenotype and antitumor cytotoxicity.
23859562	Langmuir	2013	Majumder J et al.	β-Amino acid and amino-alcohol conjugation of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) imparts hydrogelation displaying remarkable biostability, biocompatibility, and anti-inflammatory properties.
23851494	Oncogene	2013	Wu Q et al.	Identification of G-protein-coupled receptor 120 as a tumor-promoting receptor that induces angiogenesis and migration in human colorectal carcinoma.
23835558	Int Orthop	2013	Cheng W et al.	Ginsenoside Rb1 prevents interleukin-1 beta induced inflammation and apoptosis in human articular chondrocytes.
23835093	Regul. Pept.	2013	Kutina AV et al.	Vasotocin analogues with selective natriuretic, kaliuretic and antidiuretic effects in rats.
23827812	Neurotoxicology	2013	Thorpe D et al.	Chemotherapy-induced mucositis: the role of mucin secretion and regulation, and the enteric nervous system.
23817085	Lab. Invest.	2013	Mohamed R et al.	Chronic administration of EP4-selective agonist exacerbates albuminuria and fibrosis of the kidney in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice through IL-6.
23810444	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2013	Shao J et al.	7b, a novel naphthalimide derivative, exhibited anti-inflammatory effects via targeted-inhibiting TAK1 following down-regulation of ERK1/2- and p38 MAPK-mediated activation of NF-κB in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages.
23806288	Arch. Oral Biol.	2013	Wu Y et al.	The osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs is mediated through MEK/ERK and p38 MAPK signalling under hypoxia.
23796953	Trends Pharmacol. Sci.	2013	Jiang J and Dingledine R	Prostaglandin receptor EP2 in the crosshairs of anti-inflammation, anti-cancer, and neuroprotection.
23766471	Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.	2013	Wang JW et al.	Differential effects of prostaglandin E2-sensitive receptors on contractility of human ocular cells that regulate conventional outflow.
23766070	Mol Nutr Food Res	2013	You S et al.	Inhibitory effects and molecular mechanisms of garlic organosulfur compounds on the production of inflammatory mediators.
23756451	Anesthesiology	2013	Sun Y et al.	Epigenetic regulation of spinal CXCR2 signaling in incisional hypersensitivity in mice.
23682071	Cancer Prev Res (Phila)	2013	Mikulec CD et al.	The chemopreventive efficacies of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: the relationship of short-term biomarkers to long-term skin tumor outcome.
23665401	Toxicol In Vitro	2013	McDermott C et al.	Alterations in acetylcholine, PGE2 and IL6 release from urothelial cells following treatment with pyocyanin and lipopolysaccharide.
23639875	Bone	2013	Choudhary S et al.	Prostaglandin E2 acts via bone marrow macrophages to block PTH-stimulated osteoblast differentiation in vitro.
23630358	J. Immunol.	2013	Domingo-Gonzalez R et al.	Prostaglandin E2-induced changes in alveolar macrophage scavenger receptor profiles differentially alter phagocytosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus post-bone marrow transplant.
23622726	J. Surg. Res.	2013	Wu BG et al.	High-lipid enteral nutrition could partially mitigate inflammation but not lung injury in hemorrhagic shock rats.
23619528	Pharmacol. Res.	2013	Hussain M et al.	Multilevel pharmacological manipulation of adenosine-prostaglandin E₂/cAMP nexus in the tumor microenvironment: a 'two hit' therapeutic opportunity.
23586622	J. Periodont. Res.	2013	Mizutani H et al.	Lipopolysaccharide of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans up-regulates inflammatory cytokines, prostaglandin E2 synthesis and osteoclast formation in interleukin-1 receptor antagonist-deficient mice.
23579073	Biochim. Biophys. Acta	2013	Sonne SR et al.	Hyperhomocysteinemia is detrimental to pregnancy in mice and is associated with preterm birth.
23525457	Int. J. Oncol.	2013	Bai X et al.	Prostaglandin E₂ receptor EP1-mediated phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase enhances cell adhesion and migration in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
23517855	Anim. Reprod. Sci.	2013	Parillo F et al.	Aglepristone (RU534) effects on luteal function of pseudopregnant rabbits: steroid receptors, enzymatic activities, and hormone productions in corpus luteum and uterus.
23507189	Eur J Med Chem	2013	Olajide OA et al.	Anti-neuroinflammatory properties of synthetic cryptolepine in human neuroblastoma cells: possible involvement of NF-κB and p38 MAPK inhibition.
23499642	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2013	Lee E et al.	Beraprost enhances production of antigen-specific IgG isotypes without modulating germinal center B cell generation and the affinity maturation.
23490068	Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids	2013	Standley RA et al.	Prostaglandin E2 induces transcription of skeletal muscle mass regulators interleukin-6 and muscle RING finger-1 in humans.
23485729	Mol. Cell. Endocrinol.	2013	Stratakis CA	cAMP/PKA signaling defects in tumors: genetics and tissue-specific pluripotential cell-derived lesions in human and mouse.
23478083	J. Surg. Res.	2013	Okamoto T et al.	Suppression of acute rejection by administration of prostaglandin E2 receptor subtype 4 agonist in rat organ transplantation models.
23477739	Biologicals	2013	Usui M et al.	An in vitro method for evaluating endotoxic activity using prostaglandin E(2) induction in bovine peripheral blood.
23470625	Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol.	2013	Garrison G et al.	Reversal of myofibroblast differentiation by prostaglandin E(2).
23439561	Mol. Pharmacol.	2013	Zhou X et al.	NADPH oxidase NOX5-S and nuclear factor κB1 mediate acid-induced microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 expression in Barrett's esophageal adenocarcinoma cells.
23419768	Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids	2013	Jones RL et al.	Nature of the slow relaxation of smooth muscle induced by a EP2 receptor agonist with a non-prostanoid structure.
23377963	Inflammation	2013	Pinto NV et al.	Effects of Canavalia lectins on acute inflammation in sensitized and non-sensitized rats.
23349487	Diabetes	2013	Kimple ME et al.	Prostaglandin E2 receptor, EP3, is induced in diabetic islets and negatively regulates glucose- and hormone-stimulated insulin secretion.
23343963	Digestion	2013	Tsujii M	Cyclooxygenase, cancer stem cells and DNA methylation play important roles in colorectal carcinogenesis.
23298698	Pharmacol. Res.	2013	Torres R et al.	Locally administered prostaglandin E2 prevents aeroallergen-induced airway sensitization in mice through immunomodulatory mechanisms.
23258227	Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol.	2013	Marinković A et al.	Matrices of physiologic stiffness potently inactivate idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis fibroblasts.
23246486	Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol.	2013	Peng Y et al.	Prostaglandin E2 induces stromal cell-derived factor-1 expression in prostate stromal cells by activating protein kinase A and transcription factor Sp1.
23243000	Mol. Biol. Cell	2013	Cho T et al.	Apolipoprotein(a) stimulates nuclear translocation of β-catenin: a novel pathogenic mechanism for lipoprotein(a).
23235695	Cell. Physiol. Biochem.	2012	Ji YR et al.	Mesenchymal stem cells support proliferation and terminal differentiation of B cells.
23230009	Plant Foods Hum Nutr	2012	Bony E et al.	Chemical composition and anti-inflammatory properties of the unsaponifiable fraction from awara (Astrocaryum vulgare M.) pulp oil in activated J774 macrophages and in a mice model of endotoxic shock.
23159103	Med. Hypotheses	2013	Wang L et al.	Could heterotopic ossification be prevented by varying dietary n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio: a novel perspective to its treatment?
23149922	Cancer Res.	2013	Ho MY et al.	MIG-7 controls COX-2/PGE2-mediated lung cancer metastasis.
23143054	Shock	2012	Brogliato AR et al.	Ketoprofen impairs immunosuppression induced by severe sepsis and reveals an important role for prostaglandin E2.
23138406	Spine	2013	Wang IC et al.	Effect of hyperbaric oxygenation on intervertebral disc degeneration: an in vivo study with sprague-dawley rats.
23109673	FASEB J.	2013	Furuya H et al.	Effect of sphingosine kinase 1 inhibition on blood pressure.
23095809	J Innate Immun	2013	Chotjumlong P et al.	Involvement of the P2X7 purinergic receptor and c-Jun N-terminal and extracellular signal-regulated kinases in cyclooxygenase-2 and prostaglandin E2 induction by LL-37.
23093068	J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab.	2013	Muzzi M et al.	Neurological basis of AMP-dependent thermoregulation and its relevance to central and peripheral hyperthermia.
23089186	Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids	2012	Eilati E et al.	Age dependent increase in prostaglandin pathway coincides with onset of ovarian cancer in laying hens.
23068434	Exp. Mol. Pathol.	2012	Schlemmer SR and Kaufman DG	Re-establishment of gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) between human endometrial carcinomas by prostaglandin E(2).
23029468	PLoS ONE	2012	Liu L et al.	H(2)S-releasing aspirin protects against aspirin-induced gastric injury via reducing oxidative stress.
22995857	Nitric Oxide	2013	Alves DP et al.	NO/cGMP production is important for the endogenous peripheral control of hyperalgesia during inflammation.
22993074	Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol.	2012	Southern JB et al.	Elevated steady-state bladder preload activates myosin phosphorylation: detrusor smooth muscle is a preload tension sensor.
22969117	Cancer Discov	2012	Räsänen K and Herlyn M	Paracrine signaling between carcinoma cells and mesenchymal stem cells generates cancer stem cell niche via epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
22914655	J. Neurophysiol.	2012	Alvarez P et al.	IB4(+) nociceptors mediate persistent muscle pain induced by GDNF.
22889900	Food Chem. Toxicol.	2012	Lin X et al.	Methyl helicterate protects against CCl4-induced liver injury in rats by inhibiting oxidative stress, NF-κB activation, Fas/FasL pathway and cytochrome P4502E1 level.
22844123	J. Immunol.	2012	Ganesh K et al.	Prostaglandin E₂ induces oncostatin M expression in human chronic wound macrophages through Axl receptor tyrosine kinase pathway.
22834841	Curr. Mol. Med.	2013	Krneta T et al.	The influence of macrophages and the tumor microenvironment on natural killer cells.
22796188	Biochim. Biophys. Acta	2013	Wang N et al.	Paracrine signaling through plasma membrane hemichannels.
22749501	Placenta	2012	Peltier MR et al.	Polybrominated diphenyl ethers enhance the production of proinflammatory cytokines by the placenta.
22728165	Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol.	2012	Miao L et al.	Prostaglandin E2 stimulates S100A8 expression by activating protein kinase A and CCAAT/enhancer-binding-protein-beta in prostate cancer cells.
22659410	Mol. Cell. Endocrinol.	2012	Fujimori C et al.	New evidence for the involvement of prostaglandin receptor EP4b in ovulation of the medaka, Oryzias latipes.
22658594	Curr. Biol.	2012	Feng Y et al.	Live imaging of tumor initiation in zebrafish larvae reveals a trophic role for leukocyte-derived PGE₂.
22645246	FASEB J.	2012	Huang SK et al.	Prostaglandin E₂ increases fibroblast gene-specific and global DNA methylation via increased DNA methyltransferase expression.
22637723	J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.	2012	Rim HK et al.	Nodakenin suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in macrophage cells by inhibiting tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 and nuclear factor-κB pathways and protects mice from lethal endotoxin shock.
22613214	Food Chem. Toxicol.	2012	Kaur G and Sultana S	Evaluation of antiarthritic activity of isoeugenol in adjuvant induced arthritis in murine model.
22566780	ScientificWorldJournal	2012	Hamed MA et al.	Therapeutic potential of ginger against renal injury induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats.
22565056	Cell. Immunol.		Bruckner M et al.	Distinct modulation of chemokine expression patterns in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells by prostaglandin E(2).
22548241	Med. Mycol.	2012	Bordon-Graciani AP et al.	Inhibitory effect of PGE(2) on the killing of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis by human monocytes can be reversed by cellular activation with cytokines.
22537108	J. Neurochem.	2012	Shin JH et al.	Concurrent blockade of free radical and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1-mediated PGE2 production improves safety and efficacy in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
22534817	J Thorac Oncol	2012	Liu L et al.	Interleukin-17 and prostaglandin E2 are involved in formation of an M2 macrophage-dominant microenvironment in lung cancer.
22511203	J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.	2012	Bauer J et al.	Carnosol and carnosic acids from Salvia officinalis inhibit microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1.
22503980	Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.	2012	Ødegård J et al.	Role of ErbB2 in the prostaglandin E₂-induced enhancement of the mitogenic response to epidermal growth factor in cultured hepatocytes.
22477524	Immunol. Res.	2012	Sawasdikosol S et al.	HPK1 as a novel target for cancer immunotherapy.
22427249	Int. J. Mol. Med.	2012	Park HY et al.	7,8-Dihydroxyflavone exhibits anti-inflammatory properties by downregulating the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways in lipopolysaccharide-treated RAW264.7 cells.
22394009	J. Dermatol.	2012	Sato T et al.	Novel anti-acne actions of nadifloxacin and clindamycin that inhibit the production of sebum, prostaglandin E(2) and promatrix metalloproteinase-2 in hamster sebocytes.
22360889	BMB Rep	2012	Bae DS et al.	Protopine reduces the inflammatory activity of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated murine macrophages.
22335196	J. Pineal Res.	2012	Wang J et al.	Simultaneous modulation of COX-2, p300, Akt, and Apaf-1 signaling by melatonin to inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in breast cancer cells.
22333568	Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.	2012	Hegyi B et al.	Activated T-cells and pro-inflammatory cytokines differentially regulate prostaglandin E2 secretion by mesenchymal stem cells.
22272632	J Invest Surg	2012	Hogendorf P et al.	Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in portal blood in patients with pancreatic tumor--a single institution series.
22222874	Int. J. Hematol.	2012	Rouaud P et al.	mPGES-1 in leukemic cells of AML patients.
22210785	Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.	2012	Crestani B	Bronchoalveolar lavage brings mesenchymal stem cells to the light.
22197135	Eur J Med Chem	2012	Huang GJ et al.	A concise synthesis of viscolin, and its anti-inflammatory effects through the suppression of iNOS, COX-2, ERK phosphorylation and proinflammatory cytokines expressions.
22187483	J. Immunol.	2012	Kalinski P	Regulation of immune responses by prostaglandin E2.
22182446	Cancer Lett.	2012	Li T et al.	Hepatocellular carcinoma-associated fibroblasts trigger NK cell dysfunction via PGE2 and IDO.
22178799	Resuscitation	2012	Walsh P et al.	A matched case control study with propensity score balancing examining the protective effect of paracetamol against parentally reported apnoea in infants.
22133644	Phytochemistry	2012	Zhang X et al.	Bauer ketones 23 and 24 from Echinacea paradoxa var. paradoxa inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2 and cytokines in RAW264.7 mouse macrophages.
22088746	J. Urol.	2011	Wein AJ	Effects of Cl316,243, a Beta 3-adrenoceptor agonist, and intravesical prostaglandin E2 on the primary bladder afferent activity of the rat.
22072539	Phytother Res	2012	Fiebich BL et al.	Molecular targets of the antiinflammatory Harpagophytum procumbens (devil's claw): inhibition of TNFα and COX-2 gene expression by preventing activation of AP-1.
22048090	J Bone Joint Surg Am	2011	Stålman A et al.	Temperature-sensitive release of prostaglandin E₂ and diminished energy requirements in synovial tissue with postoperative cryotherapy: a prospective randomized study after knee arthroscopy.
22038825	Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol.	2012	Lin YM et al.	Prophylactic and therapeutic benefits of COX-2 inhibitor on motility dysfunction in bowel obstruction: roles of PGE₂ and EP receptors.
22034631	Blood	2011	Sarkar D et al.	Engineered cell homing.
22028854	PLoS ONE	2011	Hegde P et al.	Viscum album exerts anti-inflammatory effect by selectively inhibiting cytokine-induced expression of cyclooxygenase-2.
21989206	Life Sci.	2011	Lee MJ et al.	Anti-inflammatory effect of transduced PEP-1-cyclophilin A in Raw264.7 cells and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced mice.
21957456	PLoS ONE	2011	Rudnick JA et al.	Functional heterogeneity of breast fibroblasts is defined by a prostaglandin secretory phenotype that promotes expansion of cancer-stem like cells.
21951555	Am. J. Reprod. Immunol.	2012	Soleymaninejadian E et al.	Immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stem cells: cytokines and factors.
21946663	Immunol. Cell Biol.	2012	Sreeramkumar V et al.	Prostaglandin E2 and T cells: friends or foes?
21929606	Vet Ophthalmol	2011	Pinard CL et al.	Measurements of canine aqueous humor inflammatory mediators and the effect of carprofen following anterior chamber paracentesis.
21926111	Carcinogenesis	2011	Roberts HR et al.	Colon tumour cells increase PGE(2) by regulating COX-2 and 15-PGDH to promote survival during the microenvironmental stress of glucose deprivation.
21913318	J Biomed Mater Res A	2011	Geng DC et al.	Protection against titanium particle-induced osteoclastogenesis by cyclooxygenase-2 selective inhibitor.
21898394	J. Cell. Physiol.	2012	Bruzzone S et al.	Autocrine abscisic acid mediates the UV-B-induced inflammatory response in human granulocytes and keratinocytes.
21884514	Clin Transl Sci	2011	Barrie A et al.	Prostaglandin E2 and IL-23 plus IL-1β differentially regulate the Th1/Th17 immune response of human CD161(+) CD4(+) memory T cells.
21872518	J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol	2011	Kauschansky A et al.	Insight: prolonged vaginal bleeding during central precocious puberty therapy with a long-acting gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist: a proposed mechanism and management plan.
21839184	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2011	Oh KS et al.	Salvianolic acid A suppress lipopolysaccharide-induced NF-κB signaling pathway by targeting IKKβ.
21816851	Biol. Reprod.	2011	Déry MC et al.	Oxytocin increases invasive properties of endometrial cancer cells through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT-dependent up-regulation of cyclooxygenase-1, -2, and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein.
21781136	J. Vet. Pharmacol. Ther.	2012	Pelligand L et al.	Development and validation of a tissue cage model of acute inflammation in the cat.
21742035	Neurobiol. Dis.	2012	Beaulieu D et al.	Abnormal prostaglandin E2 production blocks myogenic differentiation in myotonic dystrophy.
21622871	J. Anim. Sci.	2011	Lopes CN et al.	Strategic supplementation of calcium salts of polyunsaturated fatty acids to enhance reproductive performance of Bos indicus beef cows.
21565206	Life Sci.	2011	Wong HP et al.	Effects of adrenaline in human colon adenocarcinoma HT-29 cells.
21527345	Pharmacol. Res.	2011	Singh P et al.	Melatonin independent protective role of l-tryptophan in experimental reflux esophagitis in rats.
21507199	J. Cell. Mol. Med.	2012	Patel S et al.	IL-10 production in non-small cell lung carcinoma patients is regulated by ERK, P38 and COX-2.
21487892	J. Clin. Immunol.	2011	Schwandt A et al.	Clinical and immunomodulatory effects of celecoxib plus interferon-alpha in metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients with COX-2 tumor immunostaining.
21440613	Int J Pharm	2011	Shen J et al.	Novel NSAIDs ophthalmic formulation: flurbiprofen axetil emulsion with low irritancy and improved anti-inflammation effect.
21426847	Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi	2011	Yi WS and Xu XL	[Effects of LPS-induced inflammation on differentiation of orbital pre-adipocytes in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy].
21412256	J. Invest. Dermatol.	2011	Kaneko K et al.	cis-Urocanic acid enhances prostaglandin E2 release and apoptotic cell death via reactive oxygen species in human keratinocytes.
21376752	Neurotoxicology	2011	Milatovic D et al.	Prostanoid signaling: dual role for prostaglandin E2 in neurotoxicity.
21371033	J. Neurochem.	2011	St-Jacques B and Ma W	Role of prostaglandin E2 in the synthesis of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 in primary sensory neurons: an in vivo and in vitro study.
21356390	Am. J. Pathol.	2011	Mignot G et al.	Tumor exosome-mediated MDSC activation.
21312305	Phytother Res	2011	Choi SE et al.	Inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 expression by phenolic compounds from roots of Rhododendron mucronulatum.
21308823	Phytother Res	2011	Li H et al.	In vitro antiinflammatory activity of a new sesquiterpene lactone isolated from Siegesbeckia glabrescens.
21298639	Laryngoscope	2011	Branski RC et al.	The effects of cigarette smoke condensate on vocal fold transepithelial resistance and inflammatory signaling in vocal fold fibroblasts.
21292288	Phytochemistry	2011	Shyur LF et al.	A sesquiterpenol extract potently suppresses inflammation in macrophages and mice skin and prevents chronic liver damage in mice through JNK-dependent HO-1 expression.
21291962	Fitoterapia	2011	Niu XF et al.	Effects of chelerythrine, a specific inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2, on acute inflammation in mice.
21277863	Life Sci.	2011	Pavan B et al.	Estrogen metabolites in the release of inflammatory mediators from human amnion-derived cells.
21277243	Eur J Pain	2011	Diers M et al.	Differential central pain processing following repetitive intramuscular proton/prostaglandin E₂ injections in female fibromyalgia patients and healthy controls.
21276770	Biochem. Pharmacol.	2011	Okada Y et al.	Induction of integrin β3 in PGE₂-stimulated adhesion of mastocytoma P-815 cells to the Arg-Gly-Asp-enriched fragment of fibronectin.
21272849	Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol.	2011	Cromi A et al.	Is transcervical Foley catheter actually slower than prostaglandins in ripening the cervix? A randomized study.
21267839	Tunis Med	2011	Jnifen A et al.	[Cardiac arrest associated with sulprostone use during cesarean section].
21253954	J Asian Nat Prod Res	2011	Wang JF et al.	Anti-inflammatory flavonolignans from Hydnocarpus anthelminthica seeds.
21216219	Arch. Biochem. Biophys.	2011	Líbano-Soares JD et al.	Prostaglandin E₂ modulates proximal tubule Na+-ATPase activity: cooperative effect between protein kinase A and protein kinase C.
21199162	Respirology	2011	Zhang W et al.	Cigarette smoke modulates PGE(2) and host defence against Moraxella catarrhalis infection in human airway epithelial cells.
21177120	Cytokine	2011	Osborn O et al.	Ccl22/MDC, is a prostaglandin dependent pyrogen, acting in the anterior hypothalamus to induce hyperthermia via activation of brown adipose tissue.
21062968	J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.	2011	Park SW et al.	The effects of the stromal cell-derived cyclooxygenase-2 metabolite prostaglandin E2 on the proliferation of colon cancer cells.
21058188	Nutr Cancer	2010	Guo W et al.	Avenanthramides inhibit proliferation of human colon cancer cell lines in vitro.
20969958	Pharmacol. Res.	2011	Fornai M et al.	Effects of esomeprazole on healing of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced gastric ulcers in the presence of a continued NSAID treatment: Characterization of molecular mechanisms.
20937352	Biochimie	2011	Zhang F et al.	Interleukin-17A induces cathepsin K and MMP-9 expression in osteoclasts via celecoxib-blocked prostaglandin E2 in osteoblasts.
20932983	Neuropharmacology	2011	Järvelä JT et al.	Kainic acid-induced neurodegeneration and activation of inflammatory processes in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures: treatment with cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor does not prevent neuronal death.
20926228	Alcohol	2011	Srivastava VK et al.	Prepubertal ethanol exposure alters hypothalamic transforming growth factor-α and erbB1 receptor signaling in the female rat.
20883838	Acta Biomater	2011	Kim KS et al.	Injectable hyaluronic acid-tyramine hydrogels for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
20840388	J. Vet. Pharmacol. Ther.	2010	Schmid VB et al.	In vitro and ex vivo inhibition of COX isoforms by robenacoxib in the cat: a comparative study.
20837010	FEBS Lett.	2010	Dahiya Y et al.	Role of prostaglandin E2 in peptidoglycan mediated iNOS expression in mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro.
20816723	Neurosci. Lett.	2010	Swanwick RS et al.	The trafficking of Na(V)1.8.
20733322	Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol.	2011	Wang LM et al.	Annexin 1-derived peptide Ac2-26 inhibits eosinophil recruitment in vivo via decreasing prostaglandin D₂.
20718752	Br. J. Pharmacol.	2010	Mori S et al.	Ciprofloxacin inhibits advanced glycation end products-induced adhesion molecule expression on human monocytes.
20691707	Microvasc. Res.	2010	Petersen LJ et al.	Tissue viability imaging for assessment of pharmacologically induced vasodilation and vasoconstriction in human skin.
20682018	J. Periodont. Res.	2010	Weinberg E et al.	Differential effects of prostaglandin E(2) and enamel matrix derivative on the proliferation of human gingival and dermal fibroblasts and gingival keratinocytes.
20665425	Horm. Metab. Res.	2010	Wu HT et al.	Indomethacin activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ to improve insulin resistance in cotton pellet granuloma model.
20643206	Cell. Signal.	2011	Oberprieler NG and Taskén K	Analysing phosphorylation-based signalling networks by phospho flow cytometry.
20630498	Arch. Oral Biol.	2010	Zhang F et al.	IL-17A stimulates the expression of inflammatory cytokines via celecoxib-blocked prostaglandin in MC3T3-E1 cells.
20605638	J. Inorg. Biochem.	2010	Benadiba M et al.	Inhibition of C6 rat glioma proliferation by [Ru2Cl(Ibp)4] depends on changes in p21, p27, Bax/Bcl2 ratio and mitochondrial membrane potential.
20600778	Exp. Gerontol.	2010	Myer RG et al.	Prostaglandin E2-dependent IL-23 production in aged murine dendritic cells.
20599217	J. Surg. Res.	2010	Moon SW et al.	Concentration of arginine and optimal time of hypertonic saline in restoration of T-cell dysfunction.
20571855	Ann Biomed Eng	2010	Nakamura T et al.	Effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on the expression and activity of hyaluronan synthase and hyaluronidase in IL-1β-stimulated synovial cells.
20566843	Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.	2010	Esaki Y et al.	Dual roles of PGE2-EP4 signaling in mouse experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
20558731	J. Biol. Chem.	2010	Mandapathil M et al.	Adenosine and prostaglandin E2 cooperate in the suppression of immune responses mediated by adaptive regulatory T cells.
20557877	Cell. Immunol.	2010	Liu J et al.	Regulation of lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response by heat shock protein 27 in THP-1 cells.
20557444	J. Vet. Pharmacol. Ther.	2010	Briston L et al.	Age-related differences in prostaglandin E2 synthesis by equine cartilage explants and synoviocytes.
20553183	J Med Food	2010	Choi SY et al.	Isolation and anti-inflammatory activity of Bakuchiol from Ulmus davidiana var. japonica.
20552344	Methods Mol. Biol.	2010	Ferrario A and Gomer CJ	Targeting the tumor microenvironment using photodynamic therapy combined with inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-2 or vascular endothelial growth factor.
20456866	Pain	2010	Joseph EK and Levine JD	Multiple PKCε-dependent mechanisms mediating mechanical hyperalgesia.
20394763	Physiol. Behav.	2010	Asarian L and Langhans W	A new look on brain mechanisms of acute illness anorexia.
20227145	Eur J Med Chem	2010	de Carvalho PS et al.	Synthesis and pharmacological characterization of a novel nitric oxide-releasing diclofenac derivative containing a benzofuroxan moiety.
20079660	Trends Endocrinol. Metab.	2010	Blackwell KA et al.	Prostaglandins in bone: bad cop, good cop?
19969421	Pain	2010	Pinto LG et al.	IL-17 mediates articular hypernociception in antigen-induced arthritis in mice.
19931610	Brain Behav. Immun.	2010	Teeling JL et al.	The effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents on behavioural changes and cytokine production following systemic inflammation: Implications for a role of COX-1.
19896488	Life Sci.	2009	Villarreal CF et al.	Acute and persistent nociceptive paw sensitisation in mice: the involvement of distinct signalling pathways.
19788928	Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol.	2010	Legler DF et al.	Prostaglandin E2 at new glance: novel insights in functional diversity offer therapeutic chances.
19545899	Mol. Immunol.	2009	Côté SC et al.	CCR7-specific migration to CCL19 and CCL21 is induced by PGE(2) stimulation in human monocytes: Involvement of EP(2)/EP(4) receptors activation.
19497718	Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids	2009	Yung HS et al.	Gi-coupled prostanoid receptors are the likely targets for COX-1-generated prostanoids in rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells.
19467701	Biomaterials	2009	Chang MC et al.	The effect of BisGMA on cyclooxygenase-2 expression, PGE2 production and cytotoxicity via reactive oxygen species- and MEK/ERK-dependent and -independent pathways.
19455748	Biochimie	2009	Calder PC	Polyunsaturated fatty acids and inflammatory processes: New twists in an old tale.
19362167	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2009	Donkor MK et al.	Mammary tumor heterogeneity in the expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells.
19251492	Dig Liver Dis	2009	Colucci R et al.	Characterization of mechanisms underlying the effects of esomeprazole on the impairment of gastric ulcer healing with addition of NSAID treatment.
19233324	Bone	2009	Minamizaki T et al.	EP2 and EP4 receptors differentially mediate MAPK pathways underlying anabolic actions of prostaglandin E2 on bone formation in rat calvaria cell cultures.
19233242	Food Chem. Toxicol.	2009	Romier-Crouzet B et al.	Inhibition of inflammatory mediators by polyphenolic plant extracts in human intestinal Caco-2 cells.
19181340	J. Surg. Res.	2009	Lai YC et al.	Effects of dexmedetomidine on regulating endotoxin-induced up-regulation of inflammatory molecules in murine macrophages.
18992713	Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.	2008	Park MK et al.	The obligatory role of COX-2 expression for induction of HO-1 in ischemic preconditioned rat brain.
18986645	Arch. Oral Biol.	2009	Katono T et al.	Effects of nicotine and lipopolysaccharide on the expression of matrix metalloproteinases, plasminogen activators, and their inhibitors in human osteoblasts.
18809379	Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.	2008	Choi HC et al.	NS-398, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, inhibits proliferation of IL-1beta-stimulated vascular smooth muscle cells by induction of HO-1.
18786748	Neurobiol. Aging	2010	Ma W et al.	Injured nerve-derived COX2/PGE2 contributes to the maintenance of neuropathic pain in aged rats.
18718465	Exp. Cell Res.	2008	Clarkin CE et al.	Heterotypic contact reveals a COX-2-mediated suppression of osteoblast differentiation by endothelial cells: A negative modulatory role for prostanoids in VEGF-mediated cell: cell communication?
18662676	Brain Res.	2008	Osaka T	Blockade of prostaglandin E2-induced thermogenesis by unilateral microinjection of GABAA receptor antagonist into the preoptic area.
18632314	J. Chromatogr. B Analyt. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci.	2008	Neale JR and Dean BJ	Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric quantification of the dehydration product of tetranor PGE-M, the major urinary metabolite of prostaglandin E(2) in human urine.
18562087	Mol. Cell. Endocrinol.	2008	Kaczmarek MM et al.	Assessment of VEGF-receptor system expression in the porcine endometrial stromal cells in response to insulin-like growth factor-I, relaxin, oxytocin and prostaglandin E2.
18547825	Osteoarthr. Cartil.	2008	Alvarez-Soria MA et al.	Long-term NSAID treatment directly decreases COX-2 and mPGES-1 production in the articular cartilage of patients with osteoarthritis.
18547544	Biochem. Pharmacol.	2008	Schiffmann S et al.	The anti-proliferative potency of celecoxib is not a class effect of coxibs.
18539343	Trends Pharmacol. Sci.	2008	Gresele P et al.	Potentiation and priming of platelet activation: a potential target for antiplatelet therapy.
18498757	Arch. Biochem. Biophys.	2008	Hétu PO et al.	Photo-crosslinking of proteins in intact cells reveals a dimeric structure of cyclooxygenase-2 and an inhibitor-sensitive oligomeric structure of microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1.
18486959	Ultrasonics	2008	Pounder NM and Harrison AJ	Low intensity pulsed ultrasound for fracture healing: a review of the clinical evidence and the associated biological mechanism of action.
18343502	Mol. Immunol.	2008	Sun Q et al.	Rapamycin suppresses TLR4-triggered IL-6 and PGE(2) production of colon cancer cells by inhibiting TLR4 expression and NF-kappaB activation.
18329682	Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.	2008	Bhave VS et al.	Secretory phospholipase A2 mediates progression of acute liver injury in the absence of sufficient cyclooxygenase-2.
18316259	Bone	2008	Tian XY et al.	Continuous PGE2 leads to net bone loss while intermittent PGE2 leads to net bone gain in lumbar vertebral bodies of adult female rats.
18178094	Neurobiol. Dis.	2008	Zhou P et al.	Neuroprotection by PGE2 receptor EP1 inhibition involves the PTEN/AKT pathway.
18164693	Biochem. Pharmacol.	2008	Song HY et al.	Topical transduction of superoxide dismutase mediated by HIV-1 Tat protein transduction domain ameliorates 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced inflammation in mice.
18164360	Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.	2008	Grauer E et al.	Single whole-body exposure to sarin vapor in rats: long-term neuronal and behavioral deficits.
18054559	Gastroenterology	2007	Fukata M et al.	Toll-like receptor-4 promotes the development of colitis-associated colorectal tumors.
18039475	Nitric Oxide	2008	Lin YS et al.	AH23848 accelerates inducible nitric oxide synthase degradation through attenuation of cAMP signaling in glomerular mesangial cells.
18021770	Exp. Cell Res.	2008	Brock TG et al.	Effects of prostaglandin E2 on the subcellular localization of Epac-1 and Rap1 proteins during Fcgamma-receptor-mediated phagocytosis in alveolar macrophages.
17981262	Biochem. Pharmacol.	2008	Stolfi C et al.	Cyclooxygenase-2-dependent and -independent inhibition of proliferation of colon cancer cells by 5-aminosalicylic acid.
17923400	Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids		Aimbire F et al.	Effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Zingiber officinalis rhizomes on LPS-induced rat airway hyperreactivity and lung inflammation.
17920526	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2007	Neyrinck AM et al.	Dietary supplementation with laminarin, a fermentable marine beta (1-3) glucan, protects against hepatotoxicity induced by LPS in rat by modulating immune response in the hepatic tissue.
17707592	Burns	2007	Summer GJ et al.	Enhanced inflammatory hyperalgesia after recovery from burn injury.
17678966	Int. Rev. Neurobiol.	2007	Minghetti L and Pocchiari M	Cyclooxygenase-2, prostaglandin E2, and microglial activation in prion diseases.
17637821	J. Invest. Dermatol.	2008	Sur R et al.	Anti-inflammatory activity of sertaconazole nitrate is mediated via activation of a p38-COX-2-PGE2 pathway.
17612511	Brain Res.	2007	Lu J et al.	Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) inhibits glutamatergic synaptic transmission in dorsolateral periaqueductal gray (dl-PAG).
17561367	Toxicol In Vitro	2007	Yamazaki T et al.	(+)-Syringaresinol-di-O-beta-D-glucoside, a phenolic compound from Acanthopanax senticosus Harms, suppresses proinflammatory mediators in SW982 human synovial sarcoma cells by inhibiting activating protein-1 and/or nuclear factor-kappaB activities.
17553752	Vascul. Pharmacol.		Kim KW et al.	Polygonum cuspidatum, compared with baicalin and berberine, inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 gene expressions in RAW 264.7 macrophages.
17517372	Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.	2007	Hennerbichler A et al.	Regional differences in prostaglandin E2 and nitric oxide production in the knee meniscus in response to dynamic compression.
17367942	Neuroscience	2007	Laaris N and Weinreich D	Prostaglandin E2 depresses solitary tract-mediated synaptic transmission in the nucleus tractus solitarius.
17316899	Peptides	2007	Levy E and Fleisher-Berkovich S	Regulation of glial cyclooxygenase by bradykinin.
17254571	FEBS Lett.	2007	Takita M et al.	Prostaglandin E receptor EP4 antagonist suppresses osteolysis due to bone metastasis of mouse malignant melanoma cells.
17188523	Osteoarthr. Cartil.	2007	Syggelos SA et al.	In vitro effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on cytokine, prostanoid and matrix metalloproteinase production by interface membranes from loose hip or knee endoprostheses.
17157995	Neuroscience	2007	Berg KA et al.	Integrins regulate opioid receptor signaling in trigeminal ganglion neurons.
17097688	Life Sci.	2007	Zhao QT et al.	Potential involvement of the cyclooxygenase-2 pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma-associated angiogenesis.
16859832	Biochim. Biophys. Acta	2006	Chell S et al.	Mediators of PGE2 synthesis and signalling downstream of COX-2 represent potential targets for the prevention/treatment of colorectal cancer.
16828555	Bioorg. Med. Chem.	2006	Cho H et al.	Role of glutamine 148 of human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase in catalytic oxidation of prostaglandin E2.
16751012	J. Allergy Clin. Immunol.	2006	Trudeau J et al.	Selective downregulation of prostaglandin E2-related pathways by the Th2 cytokine IL-13.
16650804	Trends Mol Med	2006	Chan TA	Prostaglandins and the colon cancer connection.
16621492	Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids	2006	Anesini C and Ferraro G	Peroxidase secretion in rat submandibular glands induced by PGE2: role of cAMP and nitric oxide.
16616432	Neuroscience	2006	Kovács Z et al.	Facilitation of spike-wave discharge activity by lipopolysaccharides in Wistar Albino Glaxo/Rijswijk rats.
16574063	Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.	2006	Cui X et al.	IL-4 regulates COX-2 and PGE2 production in human non-small cell lung cancer.
16546299	Neurochem. Int.	2006	Hüll M et al.	Amyloid beta peptide (25-35) activates protein kinase C leading to cyclooxygenase-2 induction and prostaglandin E2 release in primary midbrain astrocytes.
16516846	Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.	2006	Woo KJ et al.	Proteasome inhibitor-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression in Raw264.7 cells is potentiated by inhibition of c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation.
16426843	Eur. J. Cancer	2006	Dvory-Sobol H et al.	Celecoxib leads to G2/M arrest by induction of p21 and down-regulation of cyclin B1 expression in a p53-independent manner.
16413466	Cancer Cell	2006	Buchanan FG and DuBois RN	Connecting COX-2 and Wnt in cancer.
16399635	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2006	Valadares MC et al.	Euphorbia tirucalli L. modulates myelopoiesis and enhances the resistance of tumour-bearing mice.
16338461	Placenta		Sun K et al.	Dexamethasone fails to inhibit the induction of cytosolic phospholipase A(2) expression by interleukin-1beta in cultured primary human amnion fibroblasts.
16337744	Cancer Treat. Rev.	2006	Wu T	Cyclooxygenase-2 in hepatocellular carcinoma.
16324819	Microb. Pathog.	2006	Jobin MC et al.	Upregulation of prostaglandin E2 and matrix metalloproteinase 9 production by human macrophage-like cells: synergistic effect of capsular material and cell wall from Streptococcus suis.
16324741	Placenta	2006	Lala PK et al.	Effects of PGE2 on human trophoblast proliferation and migration.
16309673	Exp. Eye Res.	2006	Jin XH et al.	Effects of blue honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea L.) extract on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in vitro and in vivo.
16297651	Microbes Infect.	2006	Liu W et al.	COX-2 inhibition affects growth rate of Chlamydia muridarum within epithelial cells.
16286033	Ultrasound Med Biol	2005	Park SR et al.	The effect of sonication on simulated osteoarthritis. Part II: alleviation of osteoarthritis pathogenesis by 1 MHz ultrasound with simultaneous hyaluronate injection.
16249720	J Endod	2005	Alptekin NO et al.	The effect of endodontic therapy on periapical exudate neutrophil elastase and prostaglandin-E2 levels.
16164015	Immunobiology	2005	Antoniv TT et al.	Kinetics of IL-10-induced gene expression in human macrophages.
16153871	Microbes Infect.	2006	Bodet C et al.	Inflammatory responses of a macrophage/epithelial cell co-culture model to mono and mixed infections with Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Tannerella forsythia.
16137709	Life Sci.	2006	Peana AT et al.	(-)-Linalool inhibits in vitro NO formation: Probable involvement in the antinociceptive activity of this monoterpene compound.
16023608	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2005	Zheng YQ and Wei W	Total glucosides of paeony suppresses adjuvant arthritis in rats and intervenes cytokine-signaling between different types of synoviocytes.
16002278	Eur. J. Cancer	2005	Hull MA	Cyclooxygenase-2: how good is it as a target for cancer chemoprevention?
15978547	Biochem. Pharmacol.	2005	Zeddou M et al.	Prostaglandin E2 induces the expression of functional inhibitory CD94/NKG2A receptors in human CD8+ T lymphocytes by a cAMP-dependent protein kinase A type I pathway.
15975667	J. Neuroimmunol.	2005	Mayo JC et al.	Anti-inflammatory actions of melatonin and its metabolites, N1-acetyl-N2-formyl-5-methoxykynuramine (AFMK) and N1-acetyl-5-methoxykynuramine (AMK), in macrophages.
15963707	Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids	2005	Kino Y et al.	Prostaglandin E2 production in ovarian cancer cell lines is regulated by cyclooxygenase-1, not cyclooxygenase-2.
15950941	Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.	2005	Heuzé-Vourc'h N et al.	IL-20, an anti-angiogenic cytokine that inhibits COX-2 expression.
15950779	Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res.	2005	Moolwaney AS and Igwe OJ	Regulation of the cyclooxygenase-2 system by interleukin-1beta through mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways: a comparative study of human neuroglioma and neuroblastoma cells.
15944014	Neuropeptides	2005	Hua XY et al.	Mechanisms of antinociception of spinal galanin: how does galanin inhibit spinal sensitization?
15919064	Brain Res.	2005	Shavit Y et al.	Effects of surgical stress on brain prostaglandin E2 production and on the pituitary-adrenal axis: attenuation by preemptive analgesia and by central amygdala lesion.
15914318	Int. Immunopharmacol.	2005	Fujimoto Y et al.	Involvement of prostaglandin receptors (EPR2-4) in in vivo immunosuppression of PGE2 in rat skin transplant model.
15908215	Bioorg. Med. Chem.	2005	Hamza A et al.	Understanding human 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase binding with NAD+ and PGE2 by homology modeling, docking and molecular dynamics simulation.
15823708	Med. Hypotheses	2005	Altundag K et al.	Selenium supplementation may increase the efficacy of cetuximab in metastatic colorectal cancer patients.
15804596	Cytokine	2005	Belibasakis GN et al.	Cytokine responses of human gingival fibroblasts to Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans cytolethal distending toxin.
15781270	Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.	2005	McGarry JG et al.	The effect of cytoskeletal disruption on pulsatile fluid flow-induced nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 release in osteocytes and osteoblasts.
15694412	Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.	2005	Clark CA et al.	Differential regulation of EP receptor isoforms during chondrogenesis and chondrocyte maturation.
15589217	Bone	2004	Ramirez-Yañez GO et al.	Prostaglandin E2 enhances alveolar bone formation in the rat mandible.
15547544	Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol.	2004	Buhimschi IA et al.	Physical and biomechanical characteristics of rat cervical ripening are not consistent with increased collagenase activity.
15519039	Domest. Anim. Endocrinol.	2004	Nielsen MO et al.	Mammary uptake and excretion of prostanoids in relation to mammary blood flow and milk yield during pregnancy-lactation and somatotropin treatment in dairy goats.
15374752	Brain Res.	2004	Rush AM and Waxman SG	PGE2 increases the tetrodotoxin-resistant Nav1.9 sodium current in mouse DRG neurons via G-proteins.
15350824	Life Sci.	2004	Sakaguchi Y et al.	Effects of selective iNOS inhibition on type II collagen-induced arthritis in mice.
15336573	Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.	2004	Tsuboi H et al.	Prostanoid EP4 receptor is involved in suppression of 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation.
15336550	Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.	2004	Sugimoto Y et al.	Microarray evaluation of EP4 receptor-mediated prostaglandin E2 suppression of 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation.
15331400	Am. J. Pathol.	2004	Wilgus TA et al.	The impact of cyclooxygenase-2 mediated inflammation on scarless fetal wound healing.
15325565	Exp. Eye Res.	2004	Ilieva I et al.	The effects of Ginkgo biloba extract on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in vitro and in vivo.
15275861	Arch. Oral Biol.	2004	Miyauchi M et al.	Immuno-localization of COX-1 and COX-2 in the rat molar periodontal tissue after topical application of lipopolysaccharide.
15196696	Mol. Cell. Endocrinol.	2004	Andersson AK et al.	Cytokine-induced PGE(2) formation is reduced from iNOS deficient murine islets.
15194215	Cancer Lett.	2004	Ye F et al.	Inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 activity in head and neck cancer cells by genistein.
15172177	Life Sci.	2004	Han M et al.	Acetylbritannilatone suppresses NO and PGE2 synthesis in RAW 264.7 macrophages through the inhibition of iNOS and COX-2 gene expression.
15121012	Bone	2004	Zhang X et al.	Primary murine limb bud mesenchymal cells in long-term culture complete chondrocyte differentiation: TGF-beta delays hypertrophy and PGE2 inhibits terminal differentiation.
15118421	J. Urol.	2004	Kamperis K et al.	The circadian rhythm of urine production, and urinary vasopressin and prostaglandin E2 excretion in healthy children.
15041024
15039015	Bioelectrochemistry	2004	Kucherenko YV et al.	Effect of the ionic strength and prostaglandin E2 on the free Ca2+ concentration and the Ca2+ influx in human red blood cells.
14687699	Regul. Pept.	2004	Lopes AG et al.	PLA2/PGE2 are involved in the inhibitory effect of bradykinin on the angiotensin-(1-7)-stimulated Na(+)-ATPase activity of the proximal tubule.
14643689	Pharmacol. Res.	2004	Klein AL et al.	The cyclooxygenase-2 product prostaglandin E2 modulates cardiac contractile function in adult rat ventricular cardiomyocytes.
14580365	Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids	2003	Wegmann M and Nüsing RM	Prostaglandin E2 stimulates sodium reabsorption in MDCK C7 cells, a renal collecting duct principal cell model.
14580364	Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids	2003	Leonhardt A et al.	Expression of prostanoid receptors in human lower segment pregnant myometrium.
14580359	Tissue Cell	2003	Carnevali S et al.	Gamma radiation inhibits fibroblast-mediated collagen gel retraction.
14505945	Toxicon	2003	Garcia F et al.	Crotapotin induced modification of T lymphocyte proliferative response through interference with PGE2 synthesis.
12957128	J. Surg. Res.	2003	Lo CJ	MAPK regulation of prostaglandin E2 production by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages is not dependent on nuclear factor kappaB.
12925276	Neuron	2003	Dina OA et al.	Role of the sensory neuron cytoskeleton in second messenger signaling for inflammatory pain.
12907132	Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids	2003	Miyazaki M et al.	Macrolide antibiotics inhibit prostaglandin E2 synthesis and mRNA expression of prostaglandin synthetic enzymes in human leukocytes.
12631128	Kidney Int.	2003	Heyman SN et al.	N-acetylcysteine ameliorates renal microcirculation: studies in rats.
12631112	Kidney Int.	2003	Yamagishi S et al.	Advanced glycation end products inhibit de novo protein synthesis and induce TGF-beta overexpression in proximal tubular cells.
12620660	Eur J Med Chem	2003	Balsamo A et al.	Synthesis of heteroaromatic analogues of (2-aryl-1-cyclopentenyl-1-alkylidene)-(arylmethyloxy)amine COX-2 inhibitors: effects on the inhibitory activity of the replacement of the cyclopentene central core with pyrazole, thiophene or isoxazole ring.
12573511	Brain Res.	2003	Ranels HJ and Griffin JD	The effects of prostaglandin E2 on the firing rate activity of thermosensitive and temperature insensitive neurons in the ventromedial preoptic area of the rat hypothalamus.
12517400	Theriogenology	2003	Brinsko SP et al.	Pregnancy rates in mares following hysteroscopic or transrectally-guided insemination with low sperm numbers at the utero-tubal papilla.
12507502	Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.	2003	Fain JN et al.	Resistin release by human adipose tissue explants in primary culture.
12445196	J. Invest. Dermatol.	2002	Kanda N and Watanabe S	Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor enhances whereas prostaglandin E2 inhibits the production of interferon-induced protein of 10 kDa in epidermoid carcinoma A431.
12404228	Gastroenterology	2002	Berg DJ et al.	Rapid development of colitis in NSAID-treated IL-10-deficient mice.
12388961	Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol.	2002	Ramsey PS et al.	Effect of vaginal pH on efficacy of the dinoprostone gel for cervical ripening/labor induction.
12231413	Bone	2002	Mo A et al.	Bipedal stance exercise and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and its synergistic effect in increasing bone mass and in lowering the PGE2 dose required to prevent ovariectomized-induced cancellous bone loss in aged rats.
12175704	Life Sci.	2002	McCartney SA et al.	Endothelin in human inflammatory bowel disease: comparison to rat trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid-induced colitis.
12128157	Brain Res. Bull.	2002	Yamaguchi K and Watanabe K	Contribution of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors in the anteroventral third ventricular region to vasopressin secretion, but not to cardiovascular responses provoked by hyperosmolality and prostaglandin E2 in conscious rats.
12105834	Gastroenterology	2002	Kaur BS et al.	Rofecoxib inhibits cyclooxygenase 2 expression and activity and reduces cell proliferation in Barrett's esophagus.
12031786	Pain	2002	Turnbach ME and Randich A	The role of spinal neurokinin-1 and glutamate receptors in hyperalgesia and allodynia induced by prostaglandin E(2) or zymosan in the rat.
12009501	Neurobiol. Aging		Scali C et al.	Neutrophils CD11b and fibroblasts PGE(2) are elevated in Alzheimer's disease.
11985895	Biochim. Biophys. Acta	2002	Rimon G and Rubin M	Channel modulators affect PGE(2) binding to bovine aortic endothelial cells.
11973001	Pain	2002	Southall MD et al.	Twenty-four hour exposure to prostaglandin downregulates prostanoid receptor binding but does not alter PGE(2)-mediated sensitization of rat sensory neurons.
11836120	Bioorg. Med. Chem.	2002	Tani K et al.	Development of a highly selective EP2-receptor agonist. Part 1: identification of 16-hydroxy-17,17-trimethylene PGE2 derivatives.
11728453	FEBS Lett.	2001	Pan MR et al.	Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs inhibit matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression via repression of transcription in lung cancer cells.
11590389	J. Allergy Clin. Immunol.	2001	Higashi N et al.	Expression of IL-18 mRNA and secretion of IL-18 are reduced in monocytes from patients with atopic dermatitis.
11487149	J Endod	2001	Lin SK et al.	Induction of dental pulp fibroblast matrix metalloproteinase-1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 gene expression by interleukin-1alpha and tumor necrosis factor-alpha through a prostaglandin-dependent pathway.
11369112	Toxicology	2001	Skoczyńska A et al.	Lead-cadmium interaction effect on the responsiveness of rat mesenteric vessels to norepinephrine and angiotensin II.
11323142	Pain	2001	Vetter G et al.	Release of glutamate, nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 and metabolic activity in the spinal cord of rats following peripheral nociceptive stimulation.
11257456	Cell. Signal.	2001	Bordin S and Tan X	C1q arrests the cell cycle progression of fibroblasts in G(1) phase: role of the cAMP/PKA-I pathway.
11239502	Biochem. Pharmacol.	2001	Dirsch VM and Vollmar AM	Ajoene, a natural product with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-like properties?
11166911	Cancer Lett.	2001	Merritt G et al.	The retinoid fenretinide inhibits proliferation and downregulates cyclooxygenase-2 gene expression in human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines.
11166698	Brain Res.	2001	Yamaguchi T et al.	Behavioral suppression induced by cannabinoids is due to activation of the arachidonic acid cascade in rats.
10974444	Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys.	2000	Steinauer KK et al.	Radiation induces upregulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein in PC-3 cells.
10963764	Neuropharmacology	2000	Fiebich BL et al.	Effects of caffeine and paracetamol alone or in combination with acetylsalicylic acid on prostaglandin E(2) synthesis in rat microglial cells.
10880739	Hum. Immunol.	2000	Cosme R et al.	Prostanoids in human colonic mucosa: effects of inflammation on PGE(2) receptor expression.
10858619	Neuroscience	2000	Averbeck B et al.	Inflammatory mediators release calcitonin gene-related peptide from dorsal root ganglion neurons of the rat.
10709995	Bone	2000	Sakai R et al.	Activin release from bone coupled to bone resorption in organ culture of neonatal mouse calvaria.
10661500	Brain Res.	2000	Watanabe T et al.	Angiotensin AT1 receptors in the preoptic area negatively modulate the cardiovascular and ACTH responses induced in rats by intrapreoptic injection of prostaglandin E2.
10652018	Kidney Int.	2000	Kömhoff M et al.	Cyclooxygenase-2-selective inhibitors impair glomerulogenesis and renal cortical development.
10579976	Gastroenterology	1999	Belley A and Chadee K	Prostaglandin E(2) stimulates rat and human colonic mucin exocytosis via the EP(4) receptor.
10532402	Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol.	1999	Köhler HB et al.	Involvement of reactive oxygen species in TNF-alpha mediated activation of the transcription factor NF-kappaB in canine dermal fibroblasts.
10509750	Biochem. Pharmacol.	1999	Ho ML et al.	Effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and prostaglandins on osteoblastic functions.
10403389	FEBS Lett.	1999	Herencia F et al.	Novel anti-inflammatory chalcone derivatives inhibit the induction of nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 in mouse peritoneal macrophages.
10400344	Bioorg. Med. Chem.	1999	Gil L et al.	Prostaglandin E2-bisphosphonate conjugates: potential agents for treatment of osteoporosis.
10397448	Cancer Lett.	1998	Kökoğlu E et al.	Prostaglandin E2 levels in human brain tumor tissues and arachidonic acid levels in the plasma membrane of human brain tumors.
10392853	Neuroscience	1999	Sauer SK et al.	Rat peripheral nerve components release calcitonin gene-related peptide and prostaglandin E2 in response to noxious stimuli: evidence that nervi nervorum are nociceptors.
10216171	Brain Res.	1999	Thornhill J and Asselin J	The effect of head cooling on the physiological responses and resultant neural damage to global hemispheric hypoxic ischemia in prostaglandin E2 treated rats.
9987068	Kidney Int.	1999	Schneider A et al.	Cyclooxygenase metabolites mediate glomerular monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 formation and monocyte recruitment in experimental glomerulonephritis.
9883576	Comp. Biochem. Physiol., Part A Mol. Integr. Physiol.	1998	Sasaki T et al.	Changes of AVT levels in plasma, neurohypophysis and hypothalamus in relation to oviposition in the laying hen.
9847016	Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol.	1998	Hawkins DL et al.	Human interleukin 10 suppresses production of inflammatory mediators by LPS-stimulated equine peritoneal macrophages.
9822501	Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol.	1998	Hennessey MH et al.	Pre-eclampsia and induction of labor: a randomized comparison of prostaglandin E2 as an intracervical gel, with oxytocin immediately, or as a sustained-release vaginal insert.
9822495	Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol.	1998	Lye SJ et al.	Is the attenuation of beta-adrenergic agonist efficacy during labor caused by elevated prostaglandin E levels?
9809805	Regul. Pept.	1998	Fleisher-Berkovich S et al.	Corticotropin releasing factor modulates interleukin-1-induced prostaglandin synthesis in fibroblasts: receptor binding and effects of antagonists.
9809657	Peptides	1998	Marquet F et al.	Effect of sorbin derivatives on cholera toxin-induced intestinal secretion in rat in vivo.
9801119	Urology	1998	Sener F et al.	Desmopressin versus indomethacin treatment in primary nocturnal enuresis and the role of prostaglandins.
9776476	Immunopharmacology	1998	Marcinkiewicz J et al.	Taurine chloramine down-regulates the generation of murine neutrophil inflammatory mediators.
9767561	Kidney Int.	1998	Kurtz I	Molecular pathogenesis of Bartter's and Gitelman's syndromes.
9745362	Trends Pharmacol. Sci.	1998	Folkerts G and Nijkamp FP	Airway epithelium: more than just a barrier!
9744292	Brain Res. Bull.	1998	Jaworowicz DJ et al.	Nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 formation parallels blood-brain barrier disruption in an experimental rat model of bacterial meningitis.
9731852	Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol.	1998	Lien JM et al.	Antepartum cervical ripening: applying prostaglandin E2 gel in conjunction with scheduled nonstress tests in postdate pregnancies.
9729377	Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res.	1998	Liu Y et al.	Taurine chloramine inhibits production of nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 in activated C6 glioma cells by suppressing inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 expression.
9729257	Brain Res.	1998	Ben-Menachem G et al.	Mycoplasma fermentans glycolipid triggers inflammatory response in rat astrocytes.
9600768	Bone	1998	Burger EH and Klein-Nulend J	Microgravity and bone cell mechanosensitivity.
9539523	Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol.	1998	Sennström MB et al.	Cervical fetal fibronectin correlates to prostaglandin E2-induced cervical ripening and can be identified in cervical tissue.
9369819	Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol.	1997	Hannah ME et al.	Maternal colonization with group B Streptococcus and prelabor rupture of membranes at term: the role of induction of labor. TermPROM Study Group.
9336579	J Am Diet Assoc	1997	Peck LW	Essential fatty acid deficiency in renal failure: can supplements really help?
9380796	Prostaglandins	1997	Kaynaroğlu ZV and Tütüncü T	Effect of 50% small bowel resection on gastric prostaglandin E2 levels in rats.
9261861	Prostaglandins	1997	Sánchez-Ramírez B et al.	Role of prostaglandin E2 on amoebic liver abscess formation in hamsters.
9241692	Respir Physiol	1997	Irokawa T et al.	HMT regulates histamine-induced glycoconjugate secretion from human airways in vitro.
9150274	Biochim. Biophys. Acta	1997	Parnova RG et al.	Role of prostaglandin E2 in regulation of low and high water osmotic permeability in frog urinary bladder.
9134973	Brain Res.	1997	Williams A et al.	Immunocytochemical appearance of cytokines, prostaglandin E2 and lipocortin-1 in the CNS during the incubation period of murine scrapie correlates with progressive PrP accumulations.
9089571	Mech. Ageing Dev.	1997	Beharka AA et al.	Macrophage prostaglandin production contributes to the age-associated decrease in T cell function which is reversed by the dietary antioxidant vitamin E.
7572849	Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop	1995	Leiker BJ et al.	The effects of exogenous prostaglandins on orthodontic tooth movement in rats.